Hyperkalaemia is a life-threatening electrolyte imbalance because it affects cardiac conduction and can lead to fatal arrhythmias if left untreated. The present study describes the occurrence of hyperkalaemia in cats and the electrocardiographic changes associated with this electrolyte imbalance. Hyperkalaemia was identified in 83.33 per cent of the study group subjects. Acute kidney injury and obstructive uropathy were the main clinical conditions associated with it. Electrocardiographic findings in hyperkalaemia in different cats under study included peaked T waves in lead II and the precordial lead CV6LL, atrial standstill and sino-ventricular rhythm, normal sinus rhythm, ventricular tachycardia, first-degree atrio-ventricular block, bradycardia, sinus tachycardia, and atrio-ventricular dissociation. Electrocardiography should always be performed in cases suspected of electrolyte imbalances, particularly hyperkalaemia, so as to identify any fatal arrhythmias and initiate treatment at the earliest.
Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) describes multiple ailments and diseases associated with bladder and urethra of cats. A total of 37 cats presented with clinical signs pertaining to lower urinary tract disorders were evaluated in the current study. There were 96.3 per cent males and 3.7 per cent females with maximum distribution in the age group between one to two years (p<0.01). Persian cats (p<0.001) were mostly diagnosed with FLUTD with occurrence of 75.68 per cent. Most of the cats (72.97 per cent) were diagnosed with feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC). The other causes of FLUTD diagnosed were bacterial cystitis (8.12 per cent), bladder rupture/ urine seepage (8.12 per cent), pseudomembranous cystitis (5.4 per cent) and urethral plugs (5.4 per cent). Dry diet and indoor habitat were found to be risk factors (p<0.001) for FLUTD. Clinical signs associated with lower urinary tract like stranguria, pollakiuria and periuria were commonly noticed.
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