The influence of probiotic «Monosporin» on the growth performance of piglets using feed rations varying degrees of balance. Is defined nutrients of basic ratio which is used at the farm, and normalized by the inclusion of corn bran and premix «Tekro». It is shown that the use of the basic diet with probiotic live weight of piglets increased by 1.3% and the average daily weight gain of animals – by 1.7–2.3% over the control. By using normalized diet with probiotic preparations value of body weight and daily weight gain of young pigs increased by 13.2–18.7% and 19.4–39.2% respectively. Comparison of productivity indices of piglets who consumed diets normalized without probiotics and with probiotic, indicates a an increase of 3.0–6.5% and 7.5–11.7% in favor of the latter. Along with the increase of animal growth performance using normalized diets with probiotic preparation «Monosporin» costs of fodder units per 1 kg of gain is reduced by 25.3%. The results indicate that the effect of the use of probiotics is associated with the fact that increases the digestibility of feed, improving their digestibility, it activates the body's metabolism, stimulates the synthesis of amino acids, vitamins, enzymes and antibiotic substances that suppress pathogens and increase the overall resistance of the animal organism to viral diseases and various adverse (stressful) factors. In assessing the cost efficiency of using normalized ration with the addition of premix TM «Tekro» and probiotic «Monosporin» shows that in complex their application the best result is observed: the level of profitability of 47.7%, and the profit from the sale of 1 head – 185.09 UAH. While the profitability of pork production of using probiotic together with the basic feed ration is 7,8%.
In the field of pig breeding, the main goal is to increase the level of fertility and survival of piglets in order to maximize the size of the nest both at birth and at weaning per sow per year. The purpose of this study was to determine the features of the long-term dynamics of the main reproductive features of sows of the large white breed using time series analysis, as well as the role of climatic factors (primarily, temperature) in the manifestation of these dynamics. For the analysis, we used primary data on sows of the large white breed, which were kept in the conditions of Tavriyski svini LLC (Skadovsky district, Kherson region, Ukraine) during 2007-2017. The presence of a trend was determined using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. In addition, autocorrelation coefficients were estimated for lags from 1 to 45 months. to detect the presence and duration of cycles. It was established that during the research period there was a negative trend in relation to the total number of piglets at birth and, conversely, a positive trend in relation to the average weight of one piglet at birth and weaning. In addition, pronounced cyclicity of changes was revealed for the time series of the average weight of one piglet at birth and the average weight of one piglet at weaning. It was established that a higher temperature in the winter months led to a decrease in the average weight of one piglet at birth, but contributed to an increase in the number of piglets at weaning. Significant temperature deviations from the optimum (in either direction) in March-May led to a decrease in the fertility of sows due to an increase in the number and proportion of stillborn piglets in the nest. Finally, higher summer temperatures contributed to an increase in the number of stillborn piglets, and there was a tendency for the mean birth weight of one piglet to decrease with increasing air temperatures in summer. Thus, the role of three processes was established in the formation of features of long-term dynamics of reproductive characteristics of sows: a) long-term trend; b) cyclic processes; c) random seasonal fluctuations associated with the reaction of animals to heat stress
The main aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of genetic and non-genetic factors on the birth weight and weaning weight of lambs. The study was carried out on the basis of the Institute of Animal Husbandry of Steppe Regions named by M. F. Ivanov “Askania-Nova” – the National Scientific Agricultural Center in Sheep Breeding of NAAS. Birth and weaning weights data collected during a 5-vear period from 3961 lambs were used. The reproductive traits of the Ascanian fine-fleece (AC) ewes were evaluated in combination with the rams of different genotypes: Ascanian fine-fleece, Australian merino (AM) and half-bred animals (1/2AC+1/2AM). The main effect of the ram genotype and the year of lambing, the age of the ewes, the litter size, the sex of lamb and the sex ratio in twins on the birth weight and weaning weight of lambs was analysed using one-way ANOVA. Differences between years of the 5-year period were highly significantly (P < 0.001) for all lamb traits studied. The effects of the environmental factor (year of lambing) on the birth weight and weaning weight of lambs represented 27.2 and 15.2 per cent of the total variance, respectively. The ram-group effects, which are mainly genetic differences, were highly significant (P < 0.001) in all traits. Age of dam had significant effect on the birth weight of lambs (P = 0.048) and was relatively unimportant as a source of variation. Two-year-old ewes bore lighter lambs than older ewes. There were no significant differences in the weaning weight of lambs from the ewes of different age classes. Survival rate was related to birth weight of lambs. Lamb survival increased up to a birth weight of 4.0 kg and only declined when they weighed more than 5.0 kg at birth. Our results showed that singles were 0.61 kg heavier than twins at birth and were 2.42 kg heavier than twins at weaning. Litter size (type of birth) was responsible for 42.5 and 10.0 % of total variability in birth and weaning weights of lambs, respectively (in both cases: P < 0.001). Average birth and weaning weights of male lambs were higher than the females (in both cases: P < 0.001).
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