Patients with chronic damage to the ears have been visiting our outpatient clinics for years without results, undergoing all kinds of therapeutic interventions and, in the end, lose all hope of a cure. It remains, as ultimum refugium, surgical intervention in the form of a radical operation, but the latter does not give us confidence that we will free the patient from his suffering. Therefore, the attention of otiatrists has long been directed towards finding new ways to treat chronic suppurative otitis media.
Background: Gastric and colon tumors are often associated with eosinophilic infiltration of tumor tissue, the significance of which is still not entirely clear. The recruitment of eosinophils into the tissues can be in part regulated by galectins ― galactose-binding proteins which are expressed by a variety of tissues and are capable of exerting a broad range of effects.
Aims: To evaluate the expression of galectin-1 and galectin-3 in tumor tissue, and gal-3 gene mRNA expression in blood eosinophils in patients with gastric and colon cancer with or without tissue eosinophilia.
Materials and methods: The study included a total of 107 patients (84 males and 23 females, average age 60,9 6,8) with verified gastric cancer (52 persons) and colon cancer (55 persons), who underwent treatment or were registered at the dispensary at the regional medical institution Tomsk Regional Oncology Center (Tomsk, Russia). The control group consisted of 15 men and 11 women of comparable age. The materials of the research included samples of gastric and colon tumors obtained during surgery, and eosinophilic granulocytes isolated from whole blood by immunomagnetic separation. Galectin-1 and galectin-3 expression in tumor tissue was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The expression of gal-3 gene mRNA in eosinophils was determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples with Benjamini-Hochberg procedure for multiple comparisons, and the Chi-square Pearson criterion with Yates correction.
Results: In patients with gastric cancer and colon cancer, regardless of the presence of tissue eosinophilia, low expression of galectin-3 in the tumor tissue and high expression of gal-3 gene mRNA in peripheral blood eosinophils were found. Gastric and colon cancer patients with eosinophilic infiltration of tumor tissue were characterized by low expression of galectin-1 within tumor cells (in 64.0% cases, 2 = 4.890, р = 0.029; and in 73.9% cases, 2 = 5.981, p = 0.031 respectively). There was a statistically significant connection between the level of galectin-1 expression by tumor cells and the presence of tissue eosinophilia both in gastric ( = 0.307) and colon cancer ( = 0.330).
Conclusion: Low expression of galectin 1 and 3 by tumor cells in gastric and colon cancer with tissue eosinophilia indicates the lack of a significant effect of these proteins on the process of recruiting eosinophilic granulocytes into tumor tissue. Increased expression of galectin-3 in blood eosinophils in gastric and colon cancer is not associated with the presence of eosinophilic infiltration of tumor tissue.
Сибирский государственный медицинский университет, г. Томск РЕЗЮМЕ В проведенном исследовании продемонстрировано, что проапоптотические концентрации доноров газов NO (100 ммоль SNP и 100 мкмоль NOC-5), H 2 S (10 ммоль NaHS) и CO (50 мкмоль CORM-2) вызывали повышение внутриклеточного уровня активных форм кислорода в клетках линии Jurkat. При этом наблюдалась активация редоксзависимого транскрипционного фактора р53 при воздействии на клетки линии Jurkat 100 ммоль SNP и 10 ммоль NaHS. В случае 100 мкмоль NOC-5 и 50 мкмоль CORM-2 не зарегистрировано повышение уровня р53, однако наблюдалось увеличение экспрессии генов-мишеней данного фактора транскрипции р21 (при действии NO и СО) и bax (при действии NO). Антипролиферативная концентрация донора сульфида водорода (50 мкмоль) не вызывала увеличения внутриклеточной продукции активных форм кислорода и активацию редоксзависимых сигнальных механизмов.
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