The effects of encapsulating urea prills with a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film on improving the handling and storage characteristics of urea were investigated. Six tests were performed on uncoated and LDPE-coated urea samples: crushing strength, abrasion resistance, impact resistance,
The viscosities of light, medium, and heavy crude oils and the viscosities of their blends were experimentally measured over a temperture range of 10-60 °C. These viscosity data were used to develop a new method for predicting the viscosity of crude oil blends based on known component viscosity. In addition, ASTM D341 and Refutas index methods were evaluated for predicting viscosities of crude oil blends. It was found that the new method gave the best representation of experimental results. The deviation in most cases was less than 6%.
Urea release properties from low-density polyethylene-coated urea (PCU) and sulfur-coated urea (SCU) in three types of media (water, sandy soil, and wetland rice soil) were studied. For PCU, urea release patterns were quite similar in the three tfies of media. T h e coating film showed no degradation as a result of high temperature or microbial attack. T h e behavior of SCU, however, was quite different from PCU. The sulfur-and wax-coating layers degraded after a certain incubation time as evidenced by a sharp urea release rate. The degradation rate increased with increasing temperature.Of the three primary plant nutrients-nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium-nitrogen is lost most easily from the soil. Since the total loss is estimated to be between 30% and 50%, repeated application of fertilizer becomes essential. This adds extra cost for materials and labor and causes inconvenience and a high solute concentration in the soil.
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