Background:Urinary tract infection is one of the infections that could lead to chronic kidney disease. Most of the offending isolates are usually Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli. Adolescent age groups are a special group of individuals who indulge in some risk behavior that could predispose them to urinary tract infections with possible mixed flora.Aim:The aim was to determine the burden of Gram-positive significant bacteriuria among adolescents in Enugu.Subjects and Methods:A survey of 628 adolescents attending secondary schools in Enugu was studied. Information on sociodemographic profile was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Clean-catch urine sample was collected using a sterile boric acid bottle, and this was cultured in both anaerobic and aerobic media. Significant isolates were Gram-stained in order to determine their characteristics. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15.0.(Chicago Illinois USA).Results:There were 324 females and 304 males. Significant bacteria growth was identified in 61 samples giving a prevalence rate of 9.7% (61/628). Gram-positive bacteria were isolated in 77.1% (47/61) of samples, while Gram-negative bacteria were isolated in 22.9% (14/61) of samples. Staphylococcus saprophyticus was the most common Gram-positive organism isolated this consists 38.3% (18/47) while E. coli was the most common Gram-negative bacteria isolated comprising 64.2% (9/14). Other Gram-positive bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus auerus, Staphylococcus epididimis. All isolated bacteria were more common in females 44/61 (72.1%) than males 17/61 (27.9%).Conclusion:Gram-positive bacteriuria is prevalent among secondary school adolescents, and S. saprophyticus is the most common Gram-positive organism implicated. Further studies should be undertaken to determine the risk factors and possible sensitivity pattern among the age group.
Introduction: The study aims at assessing the common bacterial agents causing urinary tract infections (UTI) in Enugu and environs and to examine the incidence of Ciprofloxacin resistance in the strains of bacteria isolated from patients suspected to have UTI over an 18 month period. Methods: Ciprofloxacin was evaluated along with other commonly used antibiotics against a total of 147 bacterial isolates obtained in pure cultures from urine samples. The patients were all outpatients seen attending urban and rural health centres in Enugu and environs with signs and symptoms suggestive of UTI. The antibiogram was done using the disk difference method. Results: Among the tested antibiotics, high resistance was recorded for Ciprofloxacin for almost all isolates-Staph saprophyticus (30.6%), Pseudomonas aereginosa (25%), Proteus spp (25%), Klebsiella spp (22.9%), Enterobacter (18.3%), E. coli (16.1%) and Enterococcus faecalis (15%). A general trend which was even higher was recorded for most other tested drugs for the UTI isolates. Conclusion: The study suggests an emergence of resistance of Ciprofloxacin among UTI pathogens and for practically other antibiotics. The worrisome increased resistance against Ciprofloxacin must demand a more serious and coordinated scrutiny and monitoring of the quality of these drugs and their rational use.
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