Summary: After research studies, including systematic lateral x-rays, of normal controls and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients, we decided to perform a medial resection of the hyoid bone in OSAS patients. The procedure is similar to that performed for ductus thyreoglossus. To date, three patients have undergone the operation under anesthesia. The two cases have been followed for several months (the third underwent surgery only recently) and have improved, indicating that this procedure can be beneficial for OSAS.
Discovered
in 1962, the divalent ferromagnetic semiconductor EuS
(T
C = 16.5 K, E
g = 1.65 eV) has remained constantly relevant to the engineering of
novel magnetically active interfaces, heterostructures, and multilayer
sequences and to combination with topological materials. Because detailed
information on the electronic structure of EuS and, in particular,
its evolution across T
C is not well-represented
in the literature but is essential for the development of new functional
systems, the present work aims at filling this gap. Our angle-resolved
photoemission measurements complemented with first-principles calculations
demonstrate how the electronic structure of EuS evolves across a paramagnetic–ferromagnetic
transition. Our results emphasize the importance of the strong Eu
4f–S 3p mixing for exchange-magnetic splittings of the sulfur-derived
bands as well as coupling between f and d orbitals of neighboring
Eu atoms to derive the value of T
C accurately.
The 4f–3p mixing facilitates the coupling between 4f and 5d
orbitals of neighboring Eu atoms, which mainly governs the exchange
interaction in EuS.
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