BACKGROUND: The increased risk of malnutrition is affected by food insecurity. Studies in adolescents still show mixed results. AIM: This article aimed to evaluate the association between food insecurity and anthropometry measurements in studies involving adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The databases used to obtain the literature were PubMed, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and PubMed Central. The keywords used were food security, food insecurity, hunger, malnutrition, obesity, adolescence, adolescents, teenagers, teens, and youth in studies published from 2010 to 2019. A total of 12 articles were used in this review. RESULTS: The association between food insecurity and the incidence of malnutrition in adolescents in various regions is still diverse. Food insecurity had a negative correlation with BMI-for-age in three studies (33.3%), but one study (11.1%) showed the opposite result. Food insecurity was positively related to low height-for-age (stunting) in 50% of studies, while five other studies (55.6%) showed that food insecurity was not related to BMI-for-age or weight-for-age. Three studies (50%) showed that there was no association between food insecurity and height-for-age. CONCLUSION: Longitudinal studies, such as Cohort studies, need to be conducted to ensure the actual relationship between food insecurity and nutritional status in various regions.
Introduction: The assessment of mediator components of behavior change based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) can be carried out with a questionnaire instrument. Meanwhile, the questionnaire to assess the mediator of adolescents’ balanced dietary behavior in post-disaster areas has not yet been developed. Failure to recognize nutritional problems in this period can increase morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this present study attempts to provide the overview of the implementation of content and face validity as well as reliability of the TPB questionnaire on the balanced dietary behavior of adolescents in the post-disaster area by taking a study case in Palu City, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.Methods: By involving nine expert panelists, the content validity was conducted qualitatively and quantitatively by calculating the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Kappa statistics scores. Face validity was conducted qualitatively by interviewing ten adolescents’. Meanwhile, Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha was calculated to measure the reliability by interviewing 30 adolescents aged 15–17 years old living in the disaster site with their mothers during the massive disaster in 2018.Results: The results showed that the Item CVI and the kappa statistics scores were between 0.75 and 1 and 0.72 and 1, respectively. The final version of the questionnaire was resolved based on the panelists’ recommendation, the face validity’s findings, and the results of the questionnaire reliability assessment. There were 14 items of attitude, 12 items of subjective norms, 17 items of behavioral control, and eight items of intention components with acceptable questionnaire reliabilities.Conclusion: Overall, the TPB questionnaire on the balanced dietary behavior of adolescents has excellent validity and reliability to measure the mediator of balanced dietary behavior changes of adolescents.
Banyak orang yang mengatakan bahwa semakin bertambahnya usia, maka penyakit yang diderita pun akan semakin banyak, salah satunya penyakit degeneratif. Untuk meningkatkan konsumsi pangan perlu didukung upaya pengadaannya yaitu melalui pengembangan pengolahan pangan lokal, seperti ubi Banggai. Formulasi cookies rendah indeks glikemik dengan substitusi tepung ubi banggai apakah dapat dijadikan camilan sebagai salah satu upaya untuk pencegahan penyakit degeneratif. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai September 2021 bertempat di Universitas Tadulako dan Labkesda Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Produk cookies ubi banggai dapat dijadikan sebagai menu selingan alternatif untuk pencegahan penyakit degenerative dengan nilai Indeks Glikemik 33,6 (Rendah) dan beban Glikemik 15 (Sedang) . Namun untuk penelitian lebih lanjut perlu dilakukannya pendugaan umur simpan cookies ubi bangga, perbaikan tekstur produk, pengembangan SOP pembuatan produk khususnya literasi pada titik kritis pemanggangan dan pendinginan sehingga produk yang dihasilkan memenuhi standar kualitas yang ada. Kemudian perlu dilakukan juga pengembangan varian rasa baru untuk memberikan banyak pilihan pada konsumen.
Bencana gempa bumi, tsunami dan likuifaksi di Kota Palu berdampak pada masyarakat di segala aspek kehidupan, termasuk kondisi gizi pada remaja. Masalah gizi sangat rentan terjadi pada masa ini. Remaja berada pada fase pertumbuhan yang pesat, sehingga membutuhkan zat gizi yang jumlahnya relatif lebih besar. Masalah gizi yang sering ditemukan pada remaja adalah gizi kurang yang kemudian diperkuat dengan kondisi pasca bencana di Kota Palu yang memungkinkan kurangnya ketersediaan pangan. Selain itu, aktivitas fisik dan pengetahuan gizi merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi. Penelitian ini ingin melihat hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dan pengetahuan gizi dengan status gizi pada remaja pasca bencana di Kota Palu. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 4 Palu dengan populasi seluruh siswa kelas X dan XI serta sampel sebanyak 180 siswa. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu aktivitas fisik responden lebih besar pada kategori sedang (60,6%) dan pengetahuan gizi responden lebih tinggi pada kategori kurang (90%). Berdasarkan hasil dari uji statistik, diperoleh adanya hubungan bermakna antara aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi remaja serta tidak adanya hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan gizi dan status gizi remaja. Asupan energi yang berlebih jika tidak diimbangi dengan pengeluaran energi melalui aktivitas fisik maka akan berpengaruh pada penambahan berat badan yang juga mempengaruhi status gizi. Pengetahuan merupakan faktor tidak langsung yang mempengaruhi status gizi, sehingga perlu menilai berbagai faktor lain yang mungkin berhubungan dengan status gizi remaja di wilayah pasca bencana untuk merancang intervensi yang tepat memperbaiki status gizi pada remaja.
Palu, Sigi, and Donggala districts experienced a 7,7 magnitude earthquake on September 28 2018. This incident was declared a national disaster. The impact of the disaster is a decrease in the nutritional status of children under five. Nutritional problems in children under five after the earthquake can be caused by paralysis of health service, lack of availability of clean water, poor environmental sanitation, infectious diseases, and lack of consumption of nutritious food. This research is a descriptive study wich to identify nutritional problems in children under five after the earthquake in Palu, Sigi, and Donggala districts. The type of data used is secondary data, including height, weight, and age. The results showed that the nutritional status of under five children based on the weight for age index were underweight 32,1% and very underweight 16,6%. Nutritional status based on the weight for height index, were malnutrition 13,7% and poor nutrition 4,9%. The nutritional status based on the height for age index were stunting 55,7%. The conclusion that the stunting is a nutritional problem with the highest prevalence after the earthquake. The health of children under five is easily influenced by food security, the environment, and the economy. The high prevalence stunting post-earthquake can be caused by job losses, damage to agricultural land and plantations, disruption of the economic system and development in the area which has an impact on low access to food for families.
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