In recent developments the profane attitude produces fictional knowledge in understanding religious symbols, as a result religion is not seen as something sacred but a medium to achieve goals based on passion. The development of this paradigm, due to the power of human perception in understanding religious symbols. The power of perception increases the power of human imagination involving impulse in the self. This paper is an analysis of Emile Durkheim's thoughts about the profane attitude towards the paradigm of religious society. This paper aims to determine the influence of profane attitudes in shaping the framework of religious communities and providing solutions to the low paradigm of religious communities in understanding religious symbols. Aqliyah approach is a fundamental solution to overcome these problems. Durkheim explained that the process of uniting nature, humans, and God was due to the work process of reason, as the application of totem societies in understanding religious symbols. The implication, is to increase human existence in the religious frame and provide solutions as a form of attention to the lack of human knowledge in understanding the concept of religion
This study to explore the steps of web-based assessment using gnomio.com as a mean of evaluation during online Arabic language Course. This work uses a descriptive qualitative approach. As many as 56 college students of IAIN Palangka Raya were the subject of this work. The data collected for this work was obtained through direct observation, open response questionnaires, and interviews. The result of this work shows that the utilization of web-based assessment using gnomio.com on those students is well accepted in terms of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The mobility indicator on perceived ease of use bolsters along with the pandemic situation. In terms of the Perceived usefulness of Web based assessment using gnomio.com, it gives feedback to the students compared to other applications.
This paper is a literature review of Mulla Sadra's thoughts on the concept of ilm al-ilahī to complement the western epistemological discourse which is considered to eliminate the spiritual aspect in philosophy. This paper aims to explain the meaning, purpose, and urgency of Ilm al-Ilahī to add paradigms and individual behavior in Mulla Sadra's perspective by referring to one of his magnum opus entitled al-Hikmah al-Mutāliyah fī al-Asfār al-Aqliyyah al-Arba'ah. . By using the philosophical descriptive method, it is concluded that al-'Ilm al-Ilah' in Mulla Sadra's philosophical systematics explains the significance of the paradigm and individual behavior to achieve ultimate perfection through the actuality of the soul. The soul in Mulla Sadra's view is the substance of human existence that experiences a movement from potential to actuality by involving the existence of reason and the five senses as the basic building of Islamic epistemology. The result of this paper is that the western epistemological discourse has not yet explained spiritual knowledge in human existence, while Mulla Sadra's significant role is to complete it by adding the spiritual side that is neglected in western discourse.Abstrak: Tulisan ini merupakan telaah pustaka pemikiran Mulla Sadra mengenai konsep ilm al-ilahī untuk menyempurnakan wacana epistemologi barat yang dipandang telah menghilangkan pengetahuan spiritual dalam peradaban filsafat. Tulisan ini bertujuan menjelaskan makna, tujuan, dan urgensi Ilm al-Ilahī untuk menyempurnakan paradigma dan perilaku individu dalam perspektif Mulla Sadra dengan merujuk salah satu magnumopusnya yang berjudul al-Hikmah al-Mutāliyah fī al- Asfār al-Aqliyyah al-Arba’ah. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif filosofis dihasilkan kesimpulan bahwa al-‘Ilm al-Ilahī dalam sistematika filsaat Mulla Sadra menjelaskan signifikansi paradigma dan perilaku individu untuk mencapai kesempurnaan hakiki melalui aktualitas jiwa. Jiwa dalam pandangan Mulla Sadra merupakan substansi keberadaan manusia yang mengalami pergerakan dari potensial menuju aktualitas dengan melibatkan eksistensi akal dan pancaindra sebagai bangunan dasar epistemologi Islam. Hasil dari tulisan ini, ialah menyempurnakan wacana epistemologi barat yang dipandang belum menjelaskan pengetahuan spiritual dalam eksistensi manusia melalui studi pemikiran Mulla Sadra.
In the view of Millennial society, Hijab was better known as fashion for woman to look beautiful. It’s proven by the presence of so many tutorials wearing Hijab with various models showed on Youtube. Those tutorials influenced women views that to make them look completely enchanting they should wear Hijab. As the consequence, Hijab what must be believed to be an obligation and the guidance of the Shari’a, it’s even understood by women as a form of need and desire only, and it’s especially just to attract man attentions. Former times, Hijab was understood by people as a symbol of glory and a form of the obedience of a woman to God. But, now, due to misunderstanding of the meaning and the essence of Hijab, it’s misused by women in this Millennial era. To solve this problem, it’s required a philosophical study. This study is expected to be one way to refine meaning of the essence of Hijab. To look further, we can study some views of Sayid Murtadha Muthahhari. He was one of contemporary Iranian philosophers who refined the essence of Hijab. In Murtadha Mutahhari philosophical views, he offered to us four meaning of the essence of Hijab, those were the first was psychological tranquility, the second was strengthen the relationship of husband and wife, the third was the glory and honor of women, and the fourth was strengthen of the society. In another hand, he also offered to us three reasons that why women must wear Hijab. It’s economic reasons, social reason, and ethical reason. This Study is trying to refine and inform the meaning of the essence of hijab to Moslem society through Murtadha Mutahhari philosophical view.
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