Health care professionals in Malaysia have a relatively negative attitude toward the presumed consent system, which does not encourage the implementation of this system in the country at present. To pave the way for a successful implementation of the presumed consent system, efforts should be initiated to enhance the attitude of health care professionals toward this system. In particular, these efforts should at most target the health care professionals who are Malay, earn a low income, and have a negative default attitude toward deceased donation.
Port performance is an important gateway to countries and business entities. This study aims to explore the importance of logistics variables towards port performance measurement. A standard method used to measure port performance is the analysis of its inputs and outputs based on port characteristics, such as length of berth, number of cranes, and depth. Indubitably, these approaches are among the most practical used by scholars to measure port performance. However, other external factors, such as logistical variables, need special attention, as they have been discussed in previous studies as having the capability to influence the measurement of a port's performance. As such, this study measures the technical efficiency of 57 ports, ranked among the most efficient ports globally, via a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and uses sensitivity analysis to measure the impact logistics variables have on the measurement of performance. For robustness checking, the Robust Fixed Effects tool was applied to measure the impact of the logistics variables on port technical efficiency. The results show that logistics variables significantly impact the technical efficiency measurements of ports.
A healthy society is not just merely reflected by the result of a country’s income level and high industrial activities but covers more than just an increase in income and standard living. In Islam, the creation of human beings in this world is to achieve al-falah, which is success in the world and hereafter. Thus, it is vital to measure the development progress by integrating the principles of Shariah law. Maqasid al-Shariah based Index of socio-economic development attempts to establish an index to monitor the development progress according to the Maqasid al-Shariah principles that provide basic protection in five key dimensions including the protection of faith, life, intellect, posterity, and wealth. This study reviews the indicators proposed in integrating the five dimensions of Maqasid al-Shariah in developing and measuring socio-economic development from the Islamic perspective through extensive reading of the past studies. The study concluded that the development of Maqasid al- Shariah based Index is challenging, particularly in establishing indicators pertaining to the faith dimension. In addition, most of the studies were constructed at a macro level with readily available data and data that are not frequently available. This can limit the scope of the variables or indicators used in the construction of Maqasid al-Shariah based Index.
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