The Dar Hygroster filter was found to have the highest humidity and temperature output of all three HMEs, the Humid-Vent filter had a satisfactory humidity output only at low tidal volume flow rate and minute volume settings, whereas the Pall Ultipore BB 100 never achieved a sufficient humidity and temperature output.

The experimental set-up described is reliable for evaluating HMEs and can also be used for future clinical evaluation of HMEs. The main advantages of this set-up over those described previously are: (i) measurements of dynamic variations of water and heat exchange; (ii) on-line measurements of expiratory, as well as inspiratory resistance.

No abstract

In our study, we compared the laryngeal mask (LM) with tracheal tube (TT), according to their effed on vocal fundions, frequency of sore throat and eady postoperative complications.Forty ASA I-II patients aged between 19-70 years, undergoing eledive operationson general surgery, gynecology, urology and oırthopedics were induded in our study. Patl.ents were di~ vided into two randomized groups. Following .fentanyl, propofol, vecuronium bromide induction, LM was inserted in the first group (n~20), Second group (n-20) was intubated using tra~ cheal tube. Afte:r termination of the operation decurarisa.tion was established using 1103 mg/kg neostigmin and 0.015 mg/kg atropine sulfate among the patients in whom swallow :reflexes, muscul.a:r tonidty :retuımed, and who breathed §pontaneously, LM was :removed in the finıt group, and the second group was extubated. The patients were assessed for coughing, breathholding, vomiting, sore throat, vocal cord fundions immediately after recovering from anaesthesia; for vomiting, sore throat and vocal cord fm:ıdions 60 mins~postoperatively, for so:re throat and vocal functions after 6 and 24 hours postoperatively.Complications such as coıughing and breatlı-holding were found mo:re frequendin the TT group. LM caused sore throat and vocal dysfundian less frequenfly than TT.As a resuH, we conduded that LM, which causes less complicatioıns than IT, wm.ı.ld be a convenient method in seleded cases and may be rouHnely used.

There is controversy on the toxic level of anesthetic gases in the room aix. here:lior,e, scavenging system for anesthetic gases should be estabHshed in busy ope:rating roon1s.The level of waste anesthetic gases should be monitoted and relieved if !:here is leakage. The changing of technique of anesthesia, diet for liver and optimal resting may enhance the health conditkın of medical personnel in romns.ln order to salvage of ozon layer, halogenated agents and nitrousprotoxide shmıJd be restrid:ed, Low flow and do~ sed system and techniques other than general anesthesia spinal, regional..o) should be prefered in suitable cases.(Key Words: Leakage, Ozon l.ayer, Scavenging)Anestezik gaz atıklannın hangi konsantrasyonlarda toksik olduğu konusunda görü~ birliği olmadığından günlük ameliyat sayısı fazla olan ameliyathaıtelerde anestezi gaz atıkları ölçülmektedir.Ölçümler yüksek bulunduğunda personel uyanlmalı, anestezik gaz kaçakları önlenmeli, anestezi tekniği deği~tiriimelidiL Karaciğeri koruyucu diyet verilmeli ve yeterli dinlenme sağlanmalıdır. Ozon tabakasına zarar vermemek için halojenli anestezikler ve azotprotoksit kullamını kısıUanmalıdır. Anestezi tekniğinde dü~ük akım ve kapalı sistem yanında genel anestezi dı~ındaki tekniklerin (spinat regionaL) tercih edilmesi gerekmektedir.