Malaysia is unique because of its multi-ethnic composition. This has been the backbone of daily life for every ethnic that are free to practise its own cultures and customs. The racial relations in Malaysia has become an interesting topic that always represents a unity symbol and subject for discussion and political campaigns. Today, racial unity has become susceptible as it has been made the basis for hate speech and actions. However, everyone must understand that the discussion on a balanced multi-ethnic community should be based on the highest authority in the country i.e. the Federal Constitution of Malaysia, which governs the interests of all parties in the country. This paper aimed at discussing the perspectives of managing the multiethnic/ multi-ethnic community in the framework of the Federal Constitution. This paper adopted qualitative research method based on library research design. Data were collected from books, articles and newspapers related to multiethnic/ multi-ethnic community and management of racial relations in Malaysia. The data were then analysed using descriptive analysis and arranged based on themes. This paper found out that there are three perspectives for understanding the arrangement of multiethnic/ multi-ethnic community in Malaysia. They are the special rights of the Malays which are protected under Article 153, (ii) the protection of the non-Bumiputera, and (iii) political accommodation in the administration of the nation. As a conclusion, the Federal Constitution of Malaysia does provide constitutional protection or guarantee for each and every race. Thus, this protection should always be observed, respected and referred to in managing racial relations and issues in Malaysia.
Ethical culture and integrity values are the bases that a nation needs to establish in order to achieve optimum development. A nation’s identity and reputation will become tarnished if the two elements are not presented in at least, adequate scale. Ethics that are meant to bring eminence in an organization have to be expanded to form a high-minded society, in accordance with the concept of Islam which is progressively being put into practice today. This paperwork is going to deepen and analyse Islamic sources which are al-Quran, al Hadith and Seerah Nabawiyyah (Biography of Muhammad PUBH) with specificity in the particular topic discussed here, which is organizational ethics. Related verses from al-Quran and hadiths will be scrutinized. This will include the bases, purposes and demands of ethical forming. Concepts and principles of organizational ethics will be explained in details by which verdicts from former and current scholars are made reference to. It is hoped that through the ethical approaches suggested in this paperwork, outstanding and productive organizations can be deftly produced in the future.
The traditional Malay practices of pre and postnatal care have been fascinating to help understand women's health and reproductive role. Women within midwives and midwifery contexts made their status recognised back in the ancient practice. The ethnoscience methods about women's health have been the centre of discussion way back in the Aztec, Mayan and Egyptian civilisations, yet the topic never gets exhausted. The ethnographic research on midwives conducted in Terengganu in the 1980s and other new literature provided a variation to the study of midwives. This article attempts to revisit the observation of midwives on herbal remedies and other healing processes after a gap of more than 30 years. The question remains whether or not this traditional practice, including herbal intake for diet, bath and massage is sustained in this millennium society. Also, this article analyses the factors and reasons for the persistence of such methods. This research utilises participant observation and intensive interviews with midwives from the west coast of Malaysia. A similar pattern of answers provides essential themes on the utilisation of ethnoscience knowledge on women and health, especially the benefits of herbal remedies for fertility, pregnancy, pre, and postnatal care. Furthermore, practice and belief integrate into modern medicine. The expression of such methods manifests in the cultural capital that views the healing process is integral. As a result, this ethnoscience phenomenon reinvents in a new commercial form that fits modern medicine as a way to rejuvenate women after childbirth.
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