ÖZET: Sürdürülebilir bir çevre için arazi kullanımında meydana gelen değişimlerin belirlenmesi ve izlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Kahramanmaraş ilinin Göksun ilçesinde 1984 ve 2011 yılları arasında arazi kullanımında meydana gelen değişim uzaktan algılama (UA) teknikleri ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri(CBS) ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada, 1984 Determination Temporal Land Use Changes in Goksun District of Kahramanmaras City Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Geographic Information SystemsABSTRACT: The changes in land use must be determined and monitored for a sustainable environment. In this study, the changes occurring land use in Goksun district of Kahramanmaras city were investigated by using remote sensing (RS) techniques and geographic information systems (GIS) in between 1984 and 2011. August 1984 and September 2011 satellite images belonging to Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (path / row: 174/34) were used to determine land use changes. Both satellite images were classified with supervised classification method using Erdas Imagine programme and 5 land use classes; urban, agricultural, forest, prairie / pasture, and others (bare areas, cliffs, wetlands, natural and artificial lakes) were determined. After supervised classification process, accuracy assessment was made for both images. It was found that the overall accuracy rate was 86,80% and, the kappa value was 0,82 for 1984, while these values for 2011 were 84,40% and 0,79 respectively. According to land use change map, it was determined that increases in urban and forest areas were 21,53% (10461,2 ha) and 28,47% (13836 ha) respectively, however decrease in agriculture, prairie / pasture and others areas were 4,98% (2422.44 ha), 16,78% (8156,16 ha) and 28,23% (13718,61 ha) respectively in between 1984 and 2011.
SummaryGeoWEPP is a geo-spatial interface of the WEPP (The Water Erosion Prediction Project) model that predicts sediment yield and runoff using digital georeferenced information integrated with GIS tools. Besides, the model has ability to determine where the sediment yield and runoff occurs and locates possible deposition places. In this study, GeoWEPP model was used to estimate sediment yield and runoff from Keklik watershed, which is located 12 km from Kahramanmaras in the eastern Mediterranean region. The digital maps of the input files required for GeoWEPP model were generated using GIS tools. The estimated average annual sediment discharge and delivery of watershed were 34533.5 tones and 44.2 tones/ha, respectively. This study indicated that GeoWEPP model can provide decision makers with quick estimation of sediment yield from large watersheds with high accuracy.
Abstract:In this study, it is aimed to determine the potential erosion risk condition of the area using remote sensing techniques and RUSLE method in Halfalı Stream Catchment, which is 25 km away from Kahramanmaras province. With the purpose of applying this method, rainfall erosivitiy index (R) has been generated by means of modified fournier index (MFI). Soil erodibility factor (K) has been produced using Inverse Distance Weighted technique and soil sample obtained from study area. Slope length and slope steepness factor (LS) has been created by the help of digital terrain elevation model. Vegetation management factor (C) has been generated using remote sensing techniques. Whole factors obtained have been overlapped in Geographic Information System (GIS) and soil loss belonging to study area has been determined using raster calculator command within map algebra module. Erosion risk map has been produced, and has been divided into 5 classes. According to potential erosion risk map obtained, 60.35 % of area has been subject to very low erosion risk, while 2.60%, 6.08%, 10.37% and 20.60% has been subject to low, medium, high and very high erosion risk, respectively. Keywords: RUSLE, soil erosion, GIS, remote sensing Kahramanmaraş Halfalı Deresi Yağış Havzasında Uzaktan Algılama Teknikleri ve RUSLE Yöntemi Kullanılarak Erozyon Risk Haritasının Oluşturulması Özet: Bu çalışma ile Kahramanmaraş ili merkezine 25 km uzaklıkta bulunan Halfalı Deresi Yağış Havzasında Uzaktan algılama Teknikleri ve RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation)yöntemi kullanılarak alanın potansiyel erozyon risk durumunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemin uygulanması amacıyla yağmurun erozivite indeksi (R), modifiye fournier indeksi (MFI) yardımıyla oluşturulmuştur. Toprak erodibilite faktörü (K) çalışma alanından alınan toprak örnekleri ve tersinir ağırlıklı ortalama tekniğiyle belirlenmiştir. Eğim uzunluğu ve eğim derecesi faktörü (LS) sayısal arazi yükseklik modelinden yararlanılarak ve bitki amenajman faktörü (C) uydu görüntüleri kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Belirlenen faktörlere ait haritalar oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen haritalardan yararlanarak Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) yardımıyla map algebra modülü raster calculater komutu kullanılarak araştırma alanına ait erozyon miktarı belirlenmiştir. Erozyon miktarı 5 sınıfa bölünmüş ve erozyon risk haritası oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen potansiyel erozyon risk haritasına göre, araştırma alanının %60.35'inde çok hafif, %2.60'ında hafif, %6.08' inde orta, %10.37'sinde şiddetli ve %20.60'ında çok şiddetli erozyon görülmektedir.
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