Children with fractures have been reported to have impulsive-hyperactive behavior problems although whether they exhibited such behavior more often than children with other orthopaedic conditions is unknown. We investigated whether impulsivity-hyperactivity was more prominent in children with extremity fractures than in children with orthopaedic conditions not involving a fracture. From outpatient clinical intakes, we recruited 39 consecutive children with extremity fractures and 33 children with orthopaedic conditions not involving a fracture. We used the Conners' Parent Rating Scale to detect behavioral symptoms in children with and without extremity fractures. Children who were treated for extremity fractures had higher mean scores for impulsivity-hyperactivity than those treated for nontrauma-related reasons. Additionally, more children in the fracture group reached impulsive-hyperactive behavior scores high enough to warrant additional psychiatric evaluation. In terms of injury prevention, the orthopaedic surgeon should be familiar with problem behaviors of children, particularly impulsivity and hyperactivity, to be able to make appropriate referrals for psychiatric evaluation and treatment.
Adolescents face rapidly changing challenges. Psychosocial health problems during adolescence are relatively common in all cultures. This study was designed to evaluate the state and trait anxiety status and influencing sociodemographic and other factors, thought to pertain to youth, on anxiety among school children in Kirikkale. It was carried out at three public primary and two high schools representative of two different socioeconomic statuses. 430 Turkish school children (246 girls, 184 boys) were asked voluntarily to answer a set of questionnaires in their classrooms at the beginning of a training programme. Then the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children was administered. Mean age of the students was 14.16 ± 1.87 years. The mean total STAI-CS and STAI-CT scores were 40.24 ± 11.64, and 44.71 ± 9.64, respectively. There were no differences in STAI-CS and STAI-CT scores between boys and girls in both schools and in all age groups. Among girls, a positive body image had a significant effect on state anxiety scores. There was a positive correlation between age and anxiety scores (r = .17, F:12.176, p < .001). Students identifying their families SES as bad and/or moderate scored significantly higher in comparison to the other groups (p < .05). STAI-CS scores were higher for lower educational grade, higher body weight and sleep problems. In Kirikkale, a city faced with substantial changes in cultural and traditional norms, adolescents could be expected to be under stress and appear to be responding to stress with anxiety.
ÖZETAmaç: Çalışmamızın amacı majör depresyon hastalarında çocukluk çağı travmalarını ve travmaların başa çıkma yöntemleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak, cinsiyete özgü farklılıkları ortaya koymaktır.Yöntem: Çalışmamıza 100 (50 kadın, 50 erkek) majör depresyon hastası dahil edildi. Hastalara Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDO) ve Başa Çıkma Tutumlarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği (COPE) uygulandı. Hastaların çocuklukta istismar ve ihmal yaşantıları Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği (CTQ-28) kullanılarak değerlendi-rildi.Bulgular: İlk olarak travma mağduru kadınlarda daha çok duygusal odaklı, erkeklerde ise sorun odaklı ve işlevsel olmayan başa çıkma yön-temlerinin kullanıldığı saptandı. İkinci olarak, her iki grupta da depresyon derecesi ile tüm travma türleri; cinsel istismar ile duygusal odaklı başa çıkma puanları arasında pozitif bir ilişki saptandı. Ek olarak, travmanın erkeklerde daha fazla başa çıkma yöntemi farklılığına yol açtığı belirlendi. Son olarak çok değişkenli lineer regresyon modeline göre her iki cinsiyette de cinsel istismara maruz kalmanın duygusal odaklı yön-temlerin kullanımı ile pozitif şekilde ilişkili olduğu saptandı. Depresyon şiddetinin ise, yalnızca erkeklerde, duygusal odaklı ve işlevsel olmayan baş etme yöntemlerinin kullanımı için bağımsız bir prediktör olduğu belirlendi.Sonuç: Çocukluk çağı travmaları ve cinsiyete özgü başa çıkma yöntem-leri hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak, depresyon riski ve tedaviye yanıtı belirlemede yardımcı olabilir. Gelecek çalışmaların bu alandaki belirleyiciler ve nedenler üzerine yoğunlaşması gerekmektedir.
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