The topic of residents' attitudes toward tourism development has been analyzed by many authors, but there have been few studies that have included: (1) the impacts resulting from tourism perceived by residents of a particular region in a very early stage of tourism development, where, consequently, this industry is not yet economically important; (2) the relationship between the impacts of tourism perceived by residents and their degree of satisfaction with their community; and (3) a specific tourism segment, such as industrial tourism. The article presented here addresses these gaps in the literature, and focuses attention on the attitudes of the residents of Minas de Riotinto—a locality of the Spanish province of Huelva, traditionally involved in mining activity, which is now in decline and in the very initial phase of tourism development—toward greater development of tourism in their municipality, and on the factors that may determine and explain those attitudes.

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In this study several extrinsic and intrinsic variables, from different theoretical approaches, have been integrated with the object of building an explanatory model for residents' attitude toward tourism development. This model is applied to a destination not yet overcrowded but with a high, and increasing, seasonality. Its most notable contribution is in its findings regarding the influence of seasonality on the residents' attitudes and in the factors impacting on it. These findings show that, in the low season, the effects of tourism, and tourists themselves, are perceived more favorably, leading to a more positive attitude toward further tourism development. Two hypotheses in the proposed model reveal a disparate seasonal behavior: only in the high season does the perception of the level of tourism development determine the net perception of the effects of tourism, and residents' community attachment exerts a direct and negative influence on their attitude toward tourism. Keywords seasonality, theory of social exchange, community attachment approach, residents' attitude, cycle of tourism development

The aim of this research is to provide a conceptual framework to facilitate the standardization of the concept of “residents’ support” in tourism studies. The model is designed to prevent ambiguity and confusion that may arise in the use of the generic term “residents’ support.” Social Exchange Theory and the Theory of Reasoned Action will be incorporated for the purposes of contextualizing the term “residents’ support” with respect to three dimensions: attitudinal, intentional, or behavioral. A longitudinal analysis of the term “residents’ support” will be conducted on the basis of the proposed model. Fifty-four articles published between 2004 and the first quarter of 2020 have been studied to classify the items used to create the construct of “residents’ support” in tourism studies and to draw conclusions about the work of scholars and tourism agents.

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