One of the requirements which must be met by the temporary edge protection systems (TEPS) is to stop a worker who walks, stumbles, falls and knocks against the system. The effect of the worker's crash with the protection system is a dynamic type stress applied as an impact. The capacity of the system to withstand the impact depends on its ductility and its ability to absorb energy. The area enclosed by the load-displacement graph of a TEPS when the load is statically applied is an indicator of its ductility and its ability to absorb energy. In Europe, the EN 13374 standard specifies the requirements to be fulfilled by the TEPS. For systems placed in floor slabs with a slope smaller than 10° (class A systems), the standard indicates that the testing should be performed using static loads. In this work, TEPS manufactured from steel, wood, injected plastic, and composites have been tested with the static loads test system specified in the EN 13374 standard for assessing class A systems. Subsequently, the areas enclosed in the load-displacement diagram have been tested and have been compared with the estimated values of impact energy.Keywords: safety guardrails, energy absorption, static load, accident, construction.
ResumenUno de los requisitos que deben satisfacer los sistemas provisionales de protección de borde (SPPB) es detener a un trabajador que camina, tropieza, cae y golpea contra el sistema. El efecto del choque del trabajador supone una acción de tipo dinámico aplicada en forma de impacto. La capacidad del sistema para resistir el impacto depende de su ductilidad y de su capacidad para absorber energía. El área encerrada por la gráfica carga desplazamiento de un TEPS cuando la carga se aplica de forma estática, es un indicador de su ductilidad y de su capacidad para absorber energía. En Europa, la norma EN 13374 especifica los requisitos que deben cumplir los SPPB. Para sistemas colocados en forjados con una inclinación no superior a 10º (sistemas clase A), la norma indica que la evaluación se debe realizar mediante cargas estáticas. En este trabajo se han ensayado TEPS fabricados en acero, madera, plástico inyectado y composites con el sistema de cargas estáticas especificadas por la norma EN 13374 para la evaluación de sistemas como clase A. Posteriormente se han evaluado las áreas encerradas en el diagrama carga desplazamiento y se han comparado con los valores estimados de energía de impacto.Palabras clave: barandillas de seguridad, absorción de energía, carga estática, accidente, construcción.
Superadobe Technology consists on filling long polypropylene sacks with a moist mixture of clay, sand, gravel and lime/cement; placing and compacting one on top of another forming concentric rings of decreasing radius and describing a double curvature monolith.From the 26th of August till the 6th of September of 2017, a group of 10 students at the “Domoterra” Institute of Earthbag construction, in the province of Teruel, autonomous community of Aragon, Spain, participated in the construction of what would become a Superadobe domed shelter of internal diameter 4m, roughly 3.5m high with the capacity to enclose 17.5m^2 of habitable surface, using approximately 250m of polypropylene sack and 20 m³ of earth.The structure advanced from an initial base cylinder of 0.5 m to the height of 2.1 m in 7 effective work days of 8 hours each day, and such an experience is taken into account together with existing literature, to describe the construction process of a Superadobe dome.
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