This research was aimed to evaluate the content of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein of palm oil fronds as an alternative feed substitution of native grass, which was enhanced through fermentation biotechnological innovation with the addition of carbohydrate soluble. Fermentation palm oil frond done using local microorganisms resources rumen content andLactobacillus. The experimental design used was factorial on complete randomized design 2x3 with 3 replication each treatment. Factor A were the source of inoculums fermentation, A1=. lactobacillus, A2= local microorganisms resources rumen content. Factor B were the source of soluble carbohydrates where B1 = without a carbohydrates, rice B2 = e bran, B3 = tapioca starch. Parameters measured were content of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein of palm oil fronds. The results of this research showed that no interaction effect between the source of microorganisms with carbohydrates, and the treatment had no effect (P > 0.05) on dry matter content. No effect Factor A for all parameters while the factors B Influential were significantly (P < 0.01) on the content of organic matter and crude protein. The highest crude protein content in the fermented palm oil fronds with a source of carbohydrates from rice bran (6.55%)
This research aimed to evaluate the eff ect of S, P minerals and cassava leaves supplementation on utilization of ammoniated palm oil leaves in rumen sheep. The research used randomized block design with fi ve rations as treatments and four groups as replication. The treatments were A= grass as control; B= ammoniated palm oil leaves; C= ammoniated palm oil leaves + 0.4% S and 0.27% P; D= ammoniated palm oil leaves + 5% cassava leaves; and E= ammoniated palm oil leaves +y 0.4% S, 0.27% P and 5% cassava leaves. The parameters measured were dry ma er intake and digestibility of dry ma er and fi ber fraction (NDF, ADF, cellulose, and hemicelluloses). Dietary treatments had not signifi cant eff ect on dry ma er intake but signifi cantly increased dry ma er and fi ber fraction digestibility, especially ADF. Diet E indicated the highest digestibility which supplied the entire nutrient required to growth and optimize activities of rumen microbes. PENDAHULUANPotensi daun sawit cukup besar untuk dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pakan hijauan alternatif bagi ternak ruminansia. Luas perkebunan sawit di Indonesia sampai akhir tahun 2008 adalah 7,3 juta ha (BPS, 2009), dengan tingkat produksi daun sawit 17,1 ton bahan kering/ha/tahun, sehingga dengan demikian akan dihasilkan daun sawit 124.830.000 ton bahan kering/tahun. Jumlah tersebut cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan 26.307,69 unit ternak atau setara dengan 30.516,92 ekor sapi dewasa dengan berat 300 kg/tahun. Namun demikian pemanfaatannya sebagai pakan ternak masih sangat terbatas. Hal ini antara lain disebabkan rendahnya kualitas gizi daun sawit. Menurut Djajanegara et al. (1999), kandungan lignin daun kelapa sawit cukup tinggi, yaitu 13,79%, hal ini menyebabkan rendahnya kecernaan pada daun sawit. Daun sawit harus diolah terlebih dahulu agar nilai gizi dan kecernaannya meningkat, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal.Beberapa teknik pengolahan baik secara fi sik, kimia, biologis maupun kombinasinya terbukti mampu meningkatkan nilai manfaat dari pakan limbah (Akbar, 2001; Akbar et al., 2005;Nurhaita, 2001;Nurhaita, 2007; Zain et al., 2006). Van Soest (2006) melaporkan terjadi peningkatan konsumsi dan kecernaan bahan kering ransum jerami amoniasi dibanding yang tidak pada ternak sapi. Perlakuan amoniasi pada daun sawit mengakibatkan peningkatan kecernaan secara in-vitro sebesar 13,1% dari 32,52% menjadi 36,78% (Nurhaita et al., 2007), namun angka kecernaan ini masih sangat kecil dan belum optimal untuk mendukung produktivitas ternak. Oleh karena itu untuk peningkatan kecernaan pakan serat selain upaya pengolahan juga harus dipadukan dengan upaya mengoptimalkan bioproses di dalam rumen melalui peningkatan populasi mikroba rumen karena kecernaan pakan serat dalam rumen sangat tergantung pada kerja enzim mikroba rumen.Pertumbuhan mikroba yang optimal memerlukan ketersediaan nutrien yang cukup, seperti energi, nitrogen, asam-asam amino, mineral dan vitamin. Sulfur (S) dan fosfor (P) merupakan mineral yang esensial bagi mikroba pencerna serat. Mineral tersebut se...
The prevalent problem of partnership is the difficulty of supplying green feed. Palm oil frond was the most available palm oil waste for feed utilization by partnership because both partners were located in palm oil plantation area. For optimum feed utilization, palm oil frond was to undergo particular process through ammoniation with urea and fermentation with MOL (local microorganism) from cow manure. The objective of this activity was to introduce the processing technology of palm oil frond by ammoniation and fermentation in partner groups. The variables of this activity were palm oil frond ammoniation, fermented palm oil frond, and mol from cow manure. This social service activity was conducted by extension method, training and demonstration, as well as group supervision and partnership. The result of this event demonstrated that partner groups were able and skillful in processing palm oil frond through ammoniation and fermentation, as well as creating MOL from cow feces as fermentation starter. Ammoniation palm oil was characterized by ammoniac smell and intact green texture. Good quality fermented palm oil frond was tapailike fragrant, moldless and mucus-free yellowish green. Ammoniation and fermented palm oil frond had good palatability as observed from the response of cow's immediate intake on the first administration without necessarily long adaptation. Conclusion: Processing technology of palm oil frond was well accepted and applicable in partner groups as solution to green feed problem.
The purpose of this study was to obtain the level of supplementation of cassava leaves as a source of branched chain amino acids in improving nutrients digestibility of ammoniation palm leaf, and characteristics of rumenfluid (in-vitro). The experiment was designed by using randomized block design with6treatmentsofsupplementationofcassavaleaf(A:Ookascontrol,B=5o%,C:10%o,D:15o%,E: 20o% and F : 25o% of dry matter) with 4 replications. Parameters were: l) Digestibility of nutrients (dry matteti organic matter, crude protein) 2) Digestibility of fiber fractions (NDE ADF, cellulose snd hemicellulose) and 3) Characteristics of rumenfluid (pH, NH3, and VFA) by in-vitro. The results showed cassava leaves supplementation significantly (P <0.05) increased the in-vitro digestibility of palm leaves ammoniation. the highest dry matter digestibility obtained at cassava leaf 5% (24.09%0) in comparing controls (4519%vs. 56.45%0), andADF digestibilityincreasedby 36.91%comparedto controls (37.25%vs. 51.00%o).Cassavaleavesmaintained rumenfluidcharacteristicsformicrobialrumengrowthandactivities. It concluded, the level of supplementation cassava leaves as a source of the best branched chain amino acids inpalmleaf ammoniation was 5o%.
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