Lime has been investigated as a ground improvement material for soils, particularly for road construction, as an alternative to soil cement stabilisation. However, the effect of lime on lateritic soil compaction characteristics is not completely defined. In this article, soil samples from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor were subjected to a variety of engineering tests, including specific gravity, sieve analysis, Atterberg’s limit, and compaction. According to the results of Atterberg’s Limit, lateritic soil has a plasticity index (PI), a plastic limit (PL), and a liquid limit (LL) of 19, 46, and 65, respectively. The obtained specific gravity value is 2.79. Compaction tests were conducted on untreated and lime-treated soils with lime additions of 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%, respectively, using an automatic compactor. The OMC and MDD values for untreated laterite are 28% and 1.46 g/cm3, respectively. However, as the lime content increases, the OMC increases slightly while the MDD decreases. The dry density of lime-laterite soil decreases from 1.47 to 1.38 g/cm3, but the moisture content increases slightly from 27% to 31%. The MDD of soil treated with 5% lime is lower than that of lateritic soil in its natural state.
Lateritic soils at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Skudai, Malaysia was investigated subjected to their geotechnical properties and their suitability to be used as construction materials. The soil samples were collected and tested for various basic soil properties tests such as Atterberg Limit, Specific Gravity (SG), Sieve Analysis, and Compaction test. Atterberg’s consistency limit test shows that the liquid limit (LL) is 70.3%, the plastic limit (PL) is 42.0%, and the plasticity index (PI) is 28.3%. The specific gravity (SG) value for laterite is 2.74. For the compaction test, the optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD) obtained are 28% and 1.39 g/cm 3. A laboratory study was performed to compare and evaluate the stabilization efficiency of different percentages (3%, 6%, 9%, 12%) of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) when applied to the available laterite soil; a major soil group in the tropical areas. Analysis of laboratory data is assessed from a soil compaction test through the standard proctor method by using the automatic compactor. The soil mixtures were compacted at optimum moisture content in accordance with the British Standard (BS) of BS 1377-4:1990. From the preceding results, it was found that the OMC increase from 28% to 34% while the MDD increase from 1.39 g/cm³ to 1.47 g/cm³ with the rise in the percentage of cement.
Housing is a basic requirement that can improve one's standard of living. By balancing demand and supply, fostering an effective and sustainable housing sector, as well as providing efficient public facilities and services and a safe environment, the government is committed to ensuring access to quality and affordable housing to meet the needs of an increasing population. As a result, collaboration between the government and the private sector is critical in order to develop a competitive and long-term housing industry. The aim of this research is to enhance the spatial framework to measure the sustainability assessment of the affordable housing in Malaysia. The methodology of this study included both GIS and non-GIS analysis. The result of this study based on the spatial indicators nearby the affordable housing and the output of this study is the graph of the sustainability level of the affordable housing.
Abstract. Housing is a basic need that can enhance the quality of life. The government is committed towards ensuring access to quality and affordable housing to meet the needs of a growing population by matching demand and supply, promoting an efficient and sustainable housing industry, as well as providing efficient public utilities and services and a clean environment. Thus, it is imperative for the government and private sector, to work together in order to create a competitive and sustainable housing industry. One of the aspect need improve is the sustainability level of this affordable housing. The aim of this study is to enhance the model to measure the sustainability level of the affordable housing in Malaysia using spatial analysis. The spatial analysis used in this study are both GIS analysis and non-GIS analysis. The result of this study will be list of indicators to measure the sustainability level of affordable housing, and then, from the analysis, map of the sustainability indicators nearby the affordable housing can be produced.
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