Lyme-associated uveitis is more common in adults, but very rare in children. Ophthalmological symptoms are seen in a minority of Lyme cases. Uveitis is seen in less than 1% and different clinical features can be seen. For the diagnosis of Lyme-associated uveitis, positive ELISA, immunoblot serology, exclusion of other causes by various tests in differential diagnosis, efficacy of antibiotics after primary resistance to steroid therapy alone, tick bite, living in an endemic area and the presence of systemic clinical symptoms should be investigated. In our report, we aimed to present a very rare Lyme disease-related intermediate uveitis in an 11-year-old male patient who had a history of tick bite 4 months ago and was diagnosed with pars planitis and peripheral retinal vasculitis. Recurrence was observed after being asymptomatic for 6 months after the treatment. However, our case was successfully treated with a new course of antibiotics in addition to steroid therapy.

Aim:The aim of this study is to investigate the ocular pathologies in mentally retarded pediatric patients without Down syndrome or any certain chromosomal-genetic anomaly. Material and Methods: A total of 189 patients, including 79 mental retarded and 110 healthy children, were included in this study between 2010 and 2011. Demographic factors (age, gender) of the patients, and affected side, visual acuity, esotropia, exotropia, anterior segment pathologies and posterior segment pathologies were evaluated. All pediatric patients in study group were divided as IQ level <34, 35-49, 50-69, and >70 according to Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Form. Results: The mean age of the children with mental retardation was 11.85±6.19 (3-17) years, while the mean age of healthy children was 10.73±3.35 (3-15) years. While visual impairment was present in 8 of the 74 patients whose vision was evaluated, there was no impairment in the healthy group (p=0.001 and p=0.004 for right and left, respectively). Anterior segment pathology was detected in 2 (2.5%) cases, and posterior segment pathology in 3 (3.8%) cases in children with low IQ. While strabismus was detected in 7 (8.9%) patients with low IQ, no strabismus was found in healthy children. Five (6.3%) of the cases with mental retardation had exotropia and 2 (2.5%) had esotropia. Exotropia was found significantly higher in children with mental retardation compared to the control group (p=0.012). Conclusion:Visual impairment, anterior-posterior segment pathology, exotropia had a high prevalence in children with mental retardation, and all ocular pathologies were related to low intellectual disability.

Objective: To investigate the demographic factors affecting the peripapillary nerve fiber thickness(PNFL) measured with optical coherence tomography(OCT) in diabetic patients. Methods: A total of 207 eyes of 104 diabetic patients (92 eyes of 46 males, 115 eyes of 58 female) who were followed-up between 2009-2013 were included. PNFL was measured with OCT in the superior, inferior, temporal and nasal quadrants and compared with demographic factors. Results: PNFL was found to be thinner in superior and inferior at the age of 60 years and above compared to under 60 years (p=0.004, p=0.001). There is a significant relationship between gender and the average PNFL only in inferior quadrants(p=0.006). There is no relationship between hypertension and the mean PNFL in 4 quadrants(p>0.05). Superior PNFL was decreased in eyes with glaucoma compared to those without glaucoma(p=0.019). The mean PNFL in superior, inferior and nasal patients with diabetes duration of more than 15 years decreased compared to those with 15 years or less (p=0.048, p=0.020, p=0.020). Temporal PNFL was decreased in eyes without retinopathy compared to eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) and non-PDR(p=0.025). Temporal PNFL was increased both in patients with diabetic macular edema(DME) and the patients treated with panretinal photocoagulation (p=0.001, p=0.001). No correlation was found between the mean PNFL in four quadrants with focal laser treatment(p>0.05). Conclusions: Age, gender, duration of diabetes, glaucoma, DME, PDR, non-PDR have an effect on PNFL, but HT and focal laser have not. In addition, the duration of diabetes and the presence of diabetic retinopathy(DR) should be taken into account when evaluating the progression of PNFL defects in patients with both glaucoma and diabetes.