Methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts obtained from Verbascum pinnatifidum Vahl. and V. antinori Boiss. et Heldr were investigated for their bioactive composition, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity was determined with Escherichia coli NRRL B-3704, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 13315, Acinetobacter baumanii ATCC 19606), Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Staphylococcus haemolyticus ATCC 43252 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by the disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal or fungicidal concentration and microplate biofilm method, respectively. Bioactive compounds analyses reveal the presence of coumarins, cardiac glycosides, quinones, flavanones. It was revealed that extracts of V. antinori has more antimicrobial activity than V. pinnatifidum extracts against test microorganisms. The lowest MIC value was recorded by V. pinnatifidum methanol extract against A. baumanii ATCC 19606 (0.3125 ± 0.01). Antibiofilm activities of three extracts of V. pinnatifidum and V. antinori have been showed an inhibition percentage range of 8.93 -92.18% and 14.56 -91.19%, respectively.
The effects of environmental pollution on three populations of the Balkan terrapin [Mauremys rivulata (Valenciennes, 1833)] from the Bozcaada, Gökçeada and Dardanos regions were evaluated. The morphological parameters of Balkan terrapins collected on each site were measured and blood samples were taken for haematological analysis and micronucleus detection. The physicochemical, microbiological and microelement analyses of the water samples from each region were conducted by standard methods. The highest red blood cell, white blood cell and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration values were seen in the samples from Gökçeada. The highest haemoglobin value was found in the samples originating from Bozcaada, whereas the highest haematocrit and mean corpuscular volume values were found in the animals from Dardanos. Based on the microbiological analysis of the water samples, the most polluted site was Gökçeada. The microelement contents of the water and blood samples were different at the three sites, the lowest being in the Gökçeada area. It was revealed that the percentage of red blood cell micronuclei and other nucleus abnormalities in the M. rivulata blood samples was the lowest also in the animals living in the region of Gökçeada.
‘ Matematik ve Fen bilimleri Üzerine Araştırmalar’ başlıklı kitabın hazırlanmasındaki temel amaç, matematik, fizik, kimya, biyoloji gibi temel bilimlere ait güncel bilgileri veya araştırma bulgularını bir araya getirmektir. Kitap ile sunulan bölümler, sonrasındaki çalışmalar için kaynak niteliğinde olup yeni araştırmalar ve fikirler için ışık tutacaktır. Farklı disiplinleri bira araya getiren bu kitap ile başta lisans öğrencileri olmak üzere akademisyenlerin ve araştırmacıların çalışmalarına önemli katkılar sağlayacaktır. Kitabın hazırlanmasında emeği geçen tüm bölüm yazarlarına ve kitabı okuyucuları ile buluşturma fırsatı sunan ‘Özgür Yayınları’’nın tüm bireylerine teşekkür ederim.
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