This study constructively focused on the polemic in a household regarding the impact of COVID-19 pandemic that hits the world. For example, China experienced a high number of divorce cases during the emergency order period. In Malaysia, during the Movement Control Order (PKP), a number of wives lodged a significant number of complaints of conflict or domestic violence to the Malaysian Islamic Development Department (JAKIM). This indicates the existence of domestic conflict on a large scale. This study is timely to examine the causes of domestic violence conflict. The second objective is to identify the rights of wives in the household and the third, to propose a standard procedure of a nurturing household to the State Religious Affairs Department. This study used a qualitative methodology. The content analysis method was used with materials that were significantly library-sourced consisting of primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected from the book of fiqh to clarify the rights and responsibilities of the wife in the household. Secondary data is based on published material, such as textbooks, journal articles, online databases and the Internet. For analysis, this study used a combination of data analysis methods, namely descriptive, critical and comparative approaches.
This study focuses constructively on the polemics in the COVID-19 pandemic impact households that plague the world. China, for example, invites high divorce cases during the period of emergency orders in force. In Malaysia, during the movement control order (PKP), complaints of conflict or domestic violence to the Malaysian Islamic Development Department (JAKIM) received a high response from wives. This indicates the existence of domestic conflict on a large scale. Thus, this study coincides to examine the causes and factors of domestic violence conflict. The second objective is to identify the rights of the wife in the household and third, to propose the standard procedure of a caring household to the State Islamic Religious Affairs Department. This study uses a qualitative methodology. Content analysis methods are used with materials that are largely sourced from libraries consisting of primary and secondary data. The main data is collected from the book of fiqh to explain the rights and responsibilities of the wife in the household. Secondary data based on published material, such as textbooks, journal articles, online databases and the Internet. For analysis, this study uses a combination of data analysis methods, namely descriptive, critical and comparative approaches. The findings show that there are elements of narcissism and gaslighting in the domestic crisis that have a harmonious impact on household institutions. Movement control orders also contribute as a strong factor in the conflict experienced by married couples. Therefore, a standard operating procedure mechanism for caring households needs to be established at the level of the State Islamic Religious Affairs Department to protect the rights of the wife and then develop a strong and strong character to avoid the shackles of negative marriage institutions. Abstrak Kajian ini memfokuskan secara konstruktif tentang polemik dalam rumah tangga impak pandemik COVID-19 yang melanda seluruh dunia. Negara China misalnya mengundang kes perceraian yang tinggi dalam tempoh perintah darurat yang dikuatkuasakan. Di Malaysia pula, semasa perintah kawalan pergerakan (PKP), aduan konflik atau keganasan rumah tangga kepada Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM) mendapat respons yang tinggi daripada kalangan isteri. Hal ini menunjukkan wujud konflik rumah tangga pada skala yang besar. Maka, kajian ini bertepatan untuk mengkaji punca dan faktor konflik keganasan rumah tangga. Objektif kedua adalah untuk mengenal pasti hak isteri dalam rumah tangga dan ketiga, mencadangkan prosedur standard rumah tangga penyayang ke Jabatan Hal Ehwal Agama Islam Negeri. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif. Kaedah analisis kandungan digunakan dengan bahan-bahan yang sebahagian besarnya bersumberkan perpustakaan yang terdiri daripada data primer dan sekunder. Data utama dikumpulkan daripada kitab fiqah untuk menjelaskan hak dan tanggungjawab isteri dalam rumah tangga. Data sekunder berdasarkan bahan yang diterbitkan, seperti buku teks, artikel jurnal, pangkalan data dalam talian dan Internet. Untuk analisis, kajian ini menggunakan kaedah gabungan analisis data, iaitu pendekatan deskriptif, kritis dan perbandingan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan wujud unsur narsisisme dan gaslighting dalam krisis rumah tangga yang memberikan kesan terhadap institusi rumah tangga yang harmonis. Perintah kawalan pergerakan turut menyumbang sebagai faktor yang kuat dalam konflik yang dialami pasangan suami isteri. Oleh itu, satu mekanisme prosedur operasi standard rumah tangga penyayang perlu diwujudkan pada peringkat Jabatan Hal Ehwal Agama Islam Negeri bagi melindungi hak isteri seterusnya membangunkan karakter berjiwa kuat dan kental agar terhindar daripada belenggu institusi perkahwinan yang negatif.
The issue of sustainability of ijtihad and fatwas to elaborate on polemics of indirect contributions in matrimonial property claims has become an important issue today. The selection of the right ijtihad and fatwa will ensure that critical discussions in this matter can be photographed to a knowledgeable society. There are many findings of jurisprudence writing that stated the main methods in ijtihad and fatwas used by fuqahak of the past and contemporary to draw interesting discussions on this issue, but in the context of indirect contributions in matrimonial property claims, there is still much to be clarified. The main objective of this study is to find out the method of ijtihad and fatwa in the book of fiqh applied by the jurists in this issue. This study is qualitative in which a total of 20 books of turath have been researched and understood descriptively. The main collection methods used were in-depth reading and analysis and narrative evaluation was used to analyze the findings obtained. The results of the analysis prove that the indirect contribution related to housework and outdoor work, can be done Akad al-Ijarah for the wife is eligible to take a certain wage according to the jumhur view.
In Malaysia, the law recognizes claims of jointly acquired property of spouse due to divorce, polygamy or death. For example, Section 122 of the Islamic Family Law Enactment (State of Kedah Darul Aman) 2008, clearly provides for the jurisdiction of Court’s injunction in the division of jointly acquired property. There is a disagreement among Muslim Jurists related to assets to the working wives throughout her marriage in terms of its status as a private property or jointly acquired property. However problems arise when there are situations where the vast majority of domestic contributions are attributed to the property of the wife. These contributions can be seen beginning from the purchase of house, car and upbringing costs of children which are part of wife’s obligations. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the classification of assets of the working spouse as a jointly acquired property that is entitled to be claimed by the husband from Islamic perspective and subsequently analyze the custom recognition on it. This study is a qualitative study in which data is collected through studies from Islamic law scriptures and legal sources. Meanwhile, data analysis is carried out using content analysis methods through a descriptive approach. The findings proved that the custom recognized the classification of property of a wife to be accepted as a jointly acquired property. However for working wives who have incurred all additional needs, their property is classified as property that cannot be claimed by the husband in full. This study hopefully will contribute to the parties involved in jointly acquired property claims such as legislators and law practitioners to assess the classification of property working spouse as jointly acquired property that can be claimed by the husband. Abstrak Di Malaysia, undang-undang mengiktiraf tuntutan harta sepencarian atas faktor perceraian, poligami atau kematian. Sebagai contoh, seksyen 122, Enakmen Undang-Undang Keluarga Islam (Negeri Kedah Darul Aman) 2008, jelas memperuntukkan berkenaan bidangkuasa Mahkamah dalam memerintah pembahagian harta sepencarian. Terdapat khilaf dalam kalangan para fuqaha’ berkaitan harta milik isteri berpekerjaan sepanjang perkahwinan dari aspek statusnya sebagai harta persendirian atau harta sepencarian. Namun, timbul masalah apabila terdapat situasi di mana sebahagian besar sumbangan rumahtangga adalah berpunca daripada harta isteri. Sumbangan ini dapat dilihat bermula daripada pembelian rumah, kereta, kos asuhan anak-anak yang menjadi sebahagian daripada tanggungan isteri. Justeru itu, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti pengklasifikasian harta isteri berpekerjaan sebagai harta sepencarian yang berhak dituntut oleh suami dari perspektif syarak, dan seterusnya menganalisis pengiktifaran ‘Urf ke atasnya. Kajian ini adalah kajian kualitatif di mana data kajian dikumpul melalui kajian kepustakaan daripada kitab-kitab fiqh islami dan sumber undang-undang. Sementara itu, analisis data dilakukan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan melalui pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil kajian membuktikan bahawa ‘Urf mengiktiraf pengklasifikasian harta isteri berpekerjaan sebagai harta sepencarian. Walau bagaimanapun, bagi isteri yang berkerjaya dan telah menanggung segala keperluan tambahan, harta mereka diklasifikasikan sebagai harta yang tidak boleh dituntut oleh suami dalam harta sepencarian. Kajian ini dapat memberi sumbangan kepada pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam tuntutan harta sepencarian seperti penggubal undang-undang dan institusi-institusi mahkamah untuk menilai pengklasifikasian harta isteri berpekerjaan sebagai harta sepencarian yang boleh dituntut oleh suami.
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