Coronaviruses have emerged as a potential disruptive force in policymaking. Using a comparative case study method, we examine two social policy responses in Jakarta, Indonesia: the Social Safety Nets (SSN) programme and the health policy. Such examples demonstrate an aggressive change in policy direction from means-tested systems and government-centred approaches to a total relaxation of conditions with the involvement of non-state actors in the provision of services. Our study analyses the ideational dimensions of the policy process that produces abrupt and radical change. From our analysis, the policy change may be explained by the emergence of a new policy paradigm created through the emulation-contextual process – an alternative model of policy learning. The theoretical implication of our research is that policy response in this study cannot be viewed in a completely path-dependent process. Instead, we propose a ‘path-creation accelerator,’ which represents an infrequent instance of policy change.
The demand for a non-invasive, fast, and accurate glucose detection for diabetic patients is increasing nowadays. It is predicted that diabetic patient will increase from 415 million people at 2018 to 640 million people at 2050. Glucose is also present in saliva, therefore glucose concentration measurement in saliva can be an alternative way during diabetics monitoring. In this study, we measure 0-60% glucose concentration through optical systems. The optical system consists of an erbium-doped fibber laser, uncladded fiber bragg gratings that have been etched with nitric acid (HNO3), and optical spectrum analyser (OSA). The measured parameter is a Bragg wavelength shift due to changes in glucose solution concentration. The results show that the wavelength shifts to lower value (blue shift) as the glucose concentration increases. The sensitivity obtained from this measurement system is 1.2 pm/% in glucose solution. This result is a preliminary study to detect glucose concentration in saliva based on Fibber Bragg Grating which has advantages for diabetic patients such as simple setup, non-invasive, fast, and low cost.
Perkembangan dunia menuntut majunya mutu pendidikan. Berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu tuntutan pendidikan pada abad ke-21 yang meliputi mengambil hipotesis rasioanl melalui kegiatan mengkaji situasi, fenomena, pertanyaan, maupun masalah. salah satu cara untuk dapat melatihkan kemampuan berpikir kritis adalah dengan metode pembelajaran PBL (Problem Based Learning). E-book tipe flipbook merupakan media pembelajaran interaktif yang dapat mendukung metode PBL, karena dapat memuat gambar, video, dan link yang mudah diakses oleh siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan validitas media e-book tipe flipbook materi Sistem Pencernaan Manusia berbasis PBL untuk melatih kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa IPA kelas XI SMA. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara validasi dan analisis pada media e-book tipe flipbook, soal quiz, soal penilaian akhir, dan RPP. Hasil validasi menyatakan seluruhnya valid dengan skor media 89,85; soal quiz 80; soal penilaian akhir 73,33; dan RPP 88,86. Media e-book tipe flipbook materi Sistem Pencernaan Manusia berbasis PBL dianggap layak untuk melatih kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.
In the 4.0 era, many students have an electronic device related to learning activities. Refer to the open questionnaire, 41.2% of students in SMAN 1 Puri Mojokerto feel that nervous system material is hard to understand due to the lack of learning media to proponent the learning process. Some difficult concepts need media to support teaching nervous system material for students. The development of technology support 4-C competence to apply in a learning activity. One of the competence is critical thinking skills. The purpose of this experiment is to develop learning media e-learning Schoology as valid and practical media. Followed up the reason, a learning media, e-learning Schoology is made using the IDI method (Instructional Development Institute), including three steps: define, design, and develop. In this media, there are some activities to help the students training their critical thinking by doing a pretest-posttest and discussion. The media also contain material of nervous system and some games to give motivation. The result of media validation is 96.67%, lesson plan validation score is 97.40%, pretest-posttest question validation is 95.37%, and the validation of students worksheets is 92.05%, the four components decided to have a perfect category (valid). The result of students responded that including 35 students of SMAN 1 Puri Mojokerto indicates the convenience of the media is 88.61% so e-learning Schoology is categorized as a practical media. After that, the implementation of this media is permitted, but this research does not do that.
Keywords: e-learning, Schoology, nervous systems, critical thinking, validity, student response
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