The Malaysian construction industry continues to enhance the country's economy by displaying voluminous growth. Due to the unique nature of the process involved, this industry is being considered the most hazardous sector in terms of occupational safety and health (OSH). The statistics of fatal accidents recorded by Department of Safety and Health Malaysia (DOSH) presented that Malaysian construction industry has the highest number of fatalities within this period of study, making it the most critical sector that requires efficient OSH management in order to reduce a significant number of fatalities in construction sites. The main objective of this study is to identify the causes of fatalities in the Malaysian construction industry by analysing 145 fatalities investigated by DOSH during a period of five years (2013 to 2018) by applying the framework for causes of occupational accidents and illnesses. Johor has the highest occurrence of fatalities with 45 cases. These 145 cases were descriptively analysed. Falling from height (43%) recorded the highest number of accident cases and followed with struck-by (34%) as among the six listed categories in this study. The main accidents causes were discovered to be the management element (58 cases) followed by worksite element (57 cases) and human element (30 cases).
Falls, including falls from height and the same level, have among the highest occurrence rate in the construction industry. They are also the highest contributor to fatalities in the construction industry. The objective of this research is to determine the factors that contribute to a falling hazard. This research was conducted by distributing a survey questionnaire among OSH regulators in the northern region of Malaysia. A total of 130 respondents from enforcement bodies were involved in the study. From the factors contributing to occupational accidents and illnesses in general, worksite conditions (3.92), worksite arrangements (4.08) and resource management (4.07) were perceived as the most significant variables by the respondents. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis was applied to validate the relationship between the observed and latent variables in testing the hypothesis. Falls from height (R2 = 0.214; T = 5.600; p = 0.000) and falls at the same level (R2 = 0.150; T = 5.061; p = 0.000) had the most significant relationship with worksite, management and external elements.
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