Grouper farming is a billion-dollar industry with increasing global demand for its organoleptic qualities and it is also a source of food security for developing countries. The high economic value of the fish has caused the rapid expansion of grouper aquaculture. Elevated temperatures in tropical and subtropical regions promote rapid growth, while fish robustness enables it to withstand high stocking densities. However, the industry still relies on wild-caught fry and fingerlings of brown-marbled grouper for stocking. Therefore,