When reconstructing vertically sufficient but horizontally insufficient alveolar ridges, ridge splitting technique could shorten the treatment period, decrease postoperative swelling and pain, eliminate the need for a second surgical site, reduce the treatment cost, and ease the patient cooperation to the surgery.

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Autogenous bone grafting still has been considered as the “gold standard” and wildly used in the case of alveolar bone reconstruction. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the success rate of implants placed in autogenous block augmented ridges and implants placed in pristine bone (PB). This study included 113 patients. Fifty-three patients were treated with autogenous block grafts and particulate bone, after 6 months of healing implant placements were performed in autogenous bone augmented (ABA) areas. In 60 patients implant placement was performed, with no need for grafting and implants were placed into the PB. Follow-up data (pain, mobility, exudation from peri-implant space, success rate, marginal bone resorption) were collected after 5 years of prosthetic loading. The cumulative implant success rate at the 5-year examination was 92.45% for the ABA group and 85% for PB group. There were 3 failed implants in the ABA group and 3 in PB group. Average marginal bone loss was 1.47 mm on ABA group and 1.58 mm on PB group. No statistically significant differences for pain, exudation from peri-implant space, implant mobility, implant success, peri-implant bone loss parameters, and patient satisfaction level were found between groups. The obtained data demonstrated that the success rate of implants placed in regenerated areas are very similar to the success rate of implants those placed in PB.

Introduction: Impacted teeth may be non-functional, abnormal or pathologic and the etiology of impaction depends on several factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the age and gender of the patient, side, eruption angulation and level of impaction of mandibular third molars (M3Ms) and the prevalence of distal caries lesions in mandibular second molars (M2Ms) at the same side eruption. Methods: In this retrospective, panoramic radiographs acquired over three year's period were screened. Inclusion criterion was the presence of an erupted M2M and an impacted M3M in the same quadrant. The radiographs were evaluated by two observers on the presence of M2M distal caries lesions. Shiller and Pell-Gregory classifications were used to assess the angulation and degree of impaction of the M3Ms, respectively. Chi-Square tests and a logistic regression model were used for data evaluation. Results: 1104 M3M-M2M were evaluated. The prevalence of distal caries lesions on M2M was 38.7% (n=427). Gender, age, and side did not influence (p=0.120, 0.496, and 0.286, respectively) the prevalence of caries lesions. The level and the angle of impaction were significantly relevant (p<0.001). Using A as the reference for impaction level, M2Ms next to B-M3Ms presented less caries lesions (odds ratio of 0.574, p=0.001). Horizontal M3Ms seemed to present an increased risk of caries on the M2Ms (p<0.001). Discussion: The caries prevalence seems to be significantly influenced by the positioning of the impaction. When deciding on the prophylactic removal of M3Ms, this issue should also be considered.

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