Parameter densitas merupakan salah satu karakteristik yang penting, baik dari aspek perhitungan kandungan energi maupun faktor konversi satuan dalam jual-beli. Secara eksperimen laboratorium, terdapat dua metode acuan untuk mengukur densitas bahan bakar, yaitu ASTM D1298 dan ASTM D4052. Penelitian ini menyajikan perbandingan hasil pengukuran densitas antara metode manual, ASTM D1298, maupun metode otomatisasi pada ASTM D4052, menggunakan sampel biodiesel berbasis kelapa sawit. Hasil pengukuran densitas biodiesel pada berbagai temperatur, termasuk pengukuran pada temperatur acuan spesifikasi biodiesel di Indonesia, yaitu 40oC, dan temperatur densitas standar internasional, yaitu 15oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, suhu observasi mempengaruhi nilai densitas dari biodiesel. Semakin rendah suhu pengujian maka semakin besar nilai densitas yang dihasilkan, yang teramati pada 2 metode pengujian ini. Pengukuran densitas dengan metode ASTM D1298 memiliki kekurangan untuk suhu observasi yang lebih rendah dari 18°C karena memanfaatkan kondisi visual oleh penglihatan. Dengan metode tersebut pengujian suhu dibawah 18°C untuk mengukur densitas biodiesel berbasis kelapa sawit mengalami bias pembacaan skala hidrometer akibat kondisi pengujian yang mendekati titik kabut biodiesel.
Biodiesel is one of the renewable energy resources to produce from palm oil. Now, the Indonesian government has established a mandatory for biofuel use, especially biodiesel blend with high-speed diesel (B30). The future will increase the percentage of blended biodiesel up to 30%. This study aimed to compare performance of diesel engines used B30 and B40. The methodology started from blending fuel high-speed diesel CN 48 with two biodiesel samples of B30 and B40, and performed density test, distillation test, viscosity test, and test performance using diesel engine 2400CC on the dyno test bench. The result of this study showed that the power engine decreased by about 1% and torque decreased by about 1.4%, and emission opacity decreased 3.2%.
Cold-flow properties merupakan parameter kunci dalam menganalisis ketahanan bahan bakar pada temperatur rendah. Penelitian ini menyajikan analisis cold-flow properties, meliputi titik kabut dan cold filter plugging point (CFPP) dari bahan bakar campuran minyak solar-biodiesel. Analisis varians (ANOVA) dilakukan untuk mendapatkan signifikansi dari pengaruh rasio pencampuran minyak solar-biodiesel terhadap titik kabut dan CFPP bahan bakar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rasio pencampuran minyak solar-biodiesel berpengaruh signifikan terhadap titik kabut dan CFPP bahan bakar. Keragaman titik kabut dan CFPP dari basis Minyak Solar 48 dan Minyak Solar 51 dipengaruhi oleh rasio pencampuran biodeisel dengan nilai 96,7%. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan cold-flow properties bahan bakar campuran minyak solar-biodiesel dapat diprediksi dengan menghubungkan temperatur awal titik kabut atau CFPP minyak solar murni, dengan rasio pencampuran melalui persamaan model matematika.
Renewable energy is an important issue for substituting fossil fuels in the world. Biofuel is one of the most used fuels for transportation, mining, and the industrial sector. The government of Indonesia’s policy has mandatorily used biofuel for the blend to fossil fuel. Biodiesel production from palm oil base has good characteristics for substitute/blend to high-speed diesel (HSD) in the market. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cetane number value of variant HSD-biodiesel blend and the methodology with blending two types HSD and biodiesel (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%). The measurement of cetane number used a CFR engine in accordance with ASTM D 613. The result of this study was that the increasing percentage of biodiesel blend influenced the increasing value of cetane number, but the increasing value of cetane number was not linear. Therefore, biodiesel can be used as a cetane booster for HSD.
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