SUMMARY Prognostically relevant RNA expression states exist in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but our understanding of their drivers, stability, and relationship to therapeutic response is limited. To examine these attributes systematically, we profiled metastatic biopsies and matched organoid models at single-cell resolution. In vivo , we identify a new intermediate PDAC transcriptional cell state and uncover distinct site- and state-specific tumor microenvironments (TMEs). Benchmarking models against this reference map, we reveal strong culture-specific biases in cancer cell transcriptional state representation driven by altered TME signals. We restore expression state heterogeneity by adding back in vivo -relevant factors and show plasticity in culture models. Further, we prove that non-genetic modulation of cell state can strongly influence drug responses, uncovering state-specific vulnerabilities. This work provides a broadly applicable framework for aligning cell states across in vivo and ex vivo settings, identifying drivers of transcriptional plasticity and manipulating cell state to target associated vulnerabilities.

High-temperature sorption of CO via calcium looping has wide applications in postcombustion carbon capture, sorption-enhanced hydrogen production, and inherent energy storage. However, fast deactivations of CaO sorbents and low CO uptake in the fast carbonation stage are major drawbacks of this technology. For the first time, we developed a green approach through the reuse of nanosilica derived from coal fly ash (CFA) to enhance both the cyclic CO uptakes and the sorption kinetics of CaO sorbents. The as-synthesized nanosilica-supported CaO sorbent showed superior cyclic stability even under realistic carbonation/calcination conditions, and maintained a final CO uptake of 0.20 g(CO) g(sorbent) within short carbonation time, markedly increased by 155% over conventional CaO sorbent. Significantly, it also exhibited very fast sorption rate and could achieve almost 90% of the total CO uptake within ∼20 s after the second cycle, which is critical for practical applications. These positive effects were attributed to the formation of larnite (CaSiO) and the physical nanostructure of silica, which could yield and keep abundant reactive small pores directly exposed to CO throughout multiple cycles. The proposed strategy, integrating the on-site recycling of CFA, appears to be promising for CO abatement from coal-fired power plants.

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Electret filters are widely used in particulate matter filtration due to their filtration efficiency that can be greatly improved by electrostatic forces without sacrificing the air resistance. However, the attenuation of the filtration efficiency remains a challenge. In this study, we report a novel strategy for producing an electret melt blown filter with superior filtration efficiency stability through a thermally stimulated charging method. The proposed approach optimizes the crystal structure and therefore results in the increased production probability of the charge traps. In addition, the re-trapping phenomenon caused by the thermal stimulation during the charging process can greatly increase the proportion of deep charge to shallow charge and improve the charge stability. A superior electret melt blown filtration material with a high filtration efficiency of 99.65%, low pressure drop of 120 Pa, and satisfactory filtration efficiency stability was produced after three cyclic charging times. The excellent filtration performance indicated that the developed material is a good air filtration candidate component for personal protection applications.

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Strain-dependent electronic properties of [112] Ge/Si and Si/Ge core/shell nanowires are studied using firstprinciples calculations within density functional theory. We show that the transition from indirect to quasidirect gap can be obtained by applying compressive strain and the width of the band gap can be tuned by strain. The analysis of the projected density of states indicates that the quasidirect gap is strongly influenced by the atoms in the {111} facets. Several possible applications have been discussed based on their distinguished electronic properties.

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