Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is defined as a constant obsession with one’s external appearance and flaws, and it falls under the criteria of neuropsychiatric disorders. Individuals suffering from this disorder may seek unnecessary cosmetic procedures from cosmetic treatment providers such as dermatologists or plastic surgeons. Cosmetic treatments have become readily available, which has led to an influx of undiagnosed BDD patients electing to undergo such treatments. Therefore, physicians should have the clinical knowledge about BDD to diagnose and manage these cases to avoid psychological and physical harm to these patients. However, there were no studies conducted in our region to assess the awareness of BDD among physicians who provide cosmetic treatments with regards to their attitude toward such cases and how they would manage it. This study aims to assess the awareness of Body Dysmorphic Disorder among Saudi physicians who provide cosmetic treatments. We conducted an observational cross-sectional study among physicians practicing in hospitals and cosmetic clinics in Riyadh and Jeddah city (Saudi Arabia), who perform cosmetic procedures, namely dermatologists, plastic surgeons, and otorhinolaryngologists. A paper-based questionnaire consisting of multiple-choice questions was distributed among them. The total number of participants was 155 physicians: 113 (72.9%) males and 42 (27.1%) females. Eighty-two (52.9%) participants reported that they have been familiar with the diagnostic criteria of BDD for a long time and ninety-nine (63.8%) reported being familiar with the clinical picture of BDD. Sixty-three (40.6%) participants estimated the prevalence of BDD cases seen in cosmetic practice to range from 1%-5%, and most agreed on an equal prevalence of BDD among female and male patients. Half of the participants (n = 76) (49%) reported that they sometimes share knowledge about BDD with patients whom they suspect to suffer from this condition. In conclusion, cosmetic treatment providers in Saudi Arabia are aware of BDD, but we have identified a discrepancy between the self-reported participant knowledge of diagnostic criteria and their ability to accurately estimate the prevalence of BDD cases seen in clinical practice.
A wide spectrum of anomalies may involve the auditory system. As a visible structure, auricular malformations constitute a great burden. A wide set of anomalies may affect the ear including the microtia spectrum, protruding ears (bat ear), constricted ear (Lop and Cup ears), Stahl ear, and cryptotia. In plastic surgery practice protruding ears and microtia are common presentations. Microtia literally means small ears. Microtia is a spectrum of anomalies of the auricle that range from disorganized remnant of cartilage attached to soft tissue lobule to complete absence of the ear (anotia). Ear reconstructive procedures has made in impact in the lives of these patients. The early attempts to surgically restore the ear in microtia was in 1920 using a rib cartilage. Up to 49% of microtia cases are associated with other anomalies or a known syndrome. The most common syndromic associations are hemifacial microsomia, Towens Brocks syndrome, Treacher Collins, Goldenhar and Nager syndrome. Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS). Generally, the ear can be retrieved by two possible methods: Surgical reconstruction using autologous or alloplastic cartilage and the use of prosthesis which could be adhesive or implant retained. Surgical reconstruction proved to be superior to other methods due to its longevity and less complications. The only limitation is the skill of the surgeon. Ear prosthesis are reserved for special cases including traumatic anotia in adults.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.