Abstract. Pratiwi R, Anwar C, Salni, Hermansyah, Novrikasari, Ghiffari A, Putra R, Huda A. 2019. Species diversity and community composition of mosquitoes in a filariasis endemic area in Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 453-462. Mosquitoes are well known as the most medically important arthropod vectors which should be monitored and evaluated because of their potential to transmit diseases. One step in monitoring and evaluation could be conducted by assessing the presence of prevalent mosquito’s vectors including their species diversity and composition. The present study has successfully recorded the diversity and community composition of mosquitoes in two villages in Banyuasin District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The research was conducted for four months from December 2016 to March 2017 by collecting mosquitoes using Indoor and Outdoor Human Landing Collection method (HLC). The result shows that there were 8239 mosquitoes collected consisting of 12 genera and 38 species. Mansonia is found as the most dominant genus in Sedang Village, while in Muara Sugih Village, Culex is the most dominant. Assessment on species diversity showed that Sedang Village haes higher diversity compared to Muara Sugih Village. Further analysis indicates that environmental characteristics and presence of water plant play important role in the diversity, abundance, and dominance of mosquitoes. Waterlogged area covered with Pistia stratiotes in Sedang Village likely facilitate the breeding of Mansonia spp while extensive rice field in Muara Sugih Village may enable the high numbers of Culex spp. Anopheles spp. and Aedes spp. mosquitoes. The findings of this study suggest the rationale for the high cases of filariasis in Banyuasin District. Future research should be directed to reveal mosquitoes’ dispersal pattern and its potential as disease vector, the risk of transmitted disease, and further prevention to reduce the number of filariasis cases.

Infection of Soil Transmitted Helminthes (STH) is caused by intestinal nematodes where as in its life cycle, soil is needed as the media for the eggs or larvae to mature into effective forms, most commonly happen to children of school age. This infection is still one of the main problems in public health, including Indonesia. STH infection are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Lack of personal hygiene, poor environmental sanitation and low socioeconomic status are some factors that plays role in increasing the occurrence of the infection. This infection is also one of the causes responsible for malnutrition in children by decreasing appetite and food intake thus ensued adverse consequences such as declining growth pace, impairment of physical health, and weakening cognitive function. This study was conducted to analyze the association of STH infection with nutritional status of SDN 200 students in  Kertapati District, Palembang. This study was an analytic observational research with a cross sectional research design. Samples consist of 107 students chosen using proportional stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected by direct interview using questionnaires, measuring body weight and height to obtain nutritional status which then classified using CDC 2000 growth curve while fecal contamination was examined using Kato Katz and modified Harada Mori methode in the Laboratory of Parasitology Medical Faculty of Universitas Sriwijaya. Data then analyzed using Chi-square test. From 107 students, 27.1% infection of STH was found on 29 students with 6 students (20.7%) infected by A. lumbricoides and 23 students (79.3%) infected by T. trichiura. Proportion of malnutrition status was found at 43.9%. Statistical test showed a significant association between STH infection and nutritional status (p=0.036; OR=3.167; Cl 95%: 1.163-15.237). There was a significant association between STH infection and nutritional status in students of SDN 200 Kelurahan Kemas Rindo Kertapati District Palembang City.

This study aims to determine the local government's policy of Kepahiang Regency to prevent the practice of early marriage during the COVID-19 pandemic. The type of research used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. This research method uses in-depth analysis techniques. The results show that the incidence of early marriage in Kepahiang Regency in 2019–September 2021 tends to increase from 15.9% to 44.9%, an increase of 29%. Adolescents who marry under the age of 19 years are mostly, or as much as 73.5% are adolescents of the female gender. In conclusion, several policies have been set by the local government of Kepahiang Regency, including the implementation of a Child-Friendly Regency, with a target focus on efforts to protect children and women, one of which is the prevention of child marriage, the use of Android-based information technology in efforts to protect children and women through reporting via smartphones. Efforts to provide health services to adolescents in the form of counseling services and various services related to adolescent health, efforts to increase community participation and empowerment in improving teenage health, policies to increase adolescent knowledge, especially school-age adolescents, about efforts to prevent early marriage. Keywords: Government Policy, Prevention, Early Marriage

Latar belakang : Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan tinggi badan atau panjang badan seorang anak dimana pertumbuhan tinggi badan tersebut tidak sesuai seiring dengan bertambahnya usia. Stunting ini merupakan keadaan tidak normal tubuh yang disebabkan oleh lebih dari satu faktor (multifaktor),. Tujuan : Menganalisis pengaruh akses air bersih, akses jamban, Perilaku Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS), riwayat ASI-ekslusif dan MP-ASI terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita usia 24-59 bulan. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional study. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret-April 2020.  Responden adalah anak Balita (usia 24-59 bulan) yang berjumlah 118 orang yang yang tinggal di Ogan Ilir. Pemilihan responden diambil dengan teknik pengambilan simple random sampling. Analisis  data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Chi square. Hasil : Diketahui distribusi frekuensi Balita stunting (45,8%) dan Balita normal (54,2%). Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara akses air bersih (p value = 0,002), akses jamban (p value = 0,005), perilaku CTPS (p value = 0,041) terhadap kejadian stunting pada Balita. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara ASI ekslusif (p value = 0,834), MP-ASI (p value = 0,238) terhadap kejadian stunting pada Balita. Saran : Perlu ditingkatkan penyuluhan tentang perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dan Pihak Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) setempat hendaknya terus memperluas jaringan distribusi air bersih agar semakin banyak warga masyarakat yang dapat mengakses air bersih yang memenuhi syarat.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Kata kunci :Determinan, Stunting, Balita( 24-59 Bulan)

Currently, forest and land fires have become a regular disaster in Indonesia. The cause of the fires was mostly due to human factors. Ogan Ilir is an area with forest and land fires every year because its dominated by wetlands. The study aim was to analyze human factors as the cause of land fires in knowledge factors, cultural factors, social factors, economic factors, and policy roles. This study is a descriptive analytic study with a qualitative approach. Data was obtained through interviews with key informants who had been sentenced to be fire perpetrators and regular informants from Regional Disaster Management Agency of Regency and Police in Ogan Ilir. The cause of the community burning the land was due to the low level of community understanding regarding the impact of burning the land with the intention of clearing the land and the presence of sonor culture which the community practiced almost every year on the residual harvest. In addition, there are social conflicts between the community and the surrounding land owners, cost savings in land clearing, and the community continues to burn land even though regulations related to land burning already exist. The main factors that cause people to burn are social and economic factors. It is necessary to enforce laws regarding idle land whose ownership is unclear and the local government can provide borrowing heavy equipment at rental prices that are affordable to the community.