Indonesia is the fourth most populated country in the world with an annual population growth rate of 1.3%. This growth is accompanied by an increase in sugar consumption, which is occurring at an annual rate of 4.3%. The huge demand for sugar has created a large gap between sugar production and demand. Indonesia became the world’s largest sugar importer in 2017–2018. Sugarcane farmers have an important role in sugar production. They are facing problems with declining sugarcane productivity and arable land decreasing. We aimed to understand the sugar production issue in Indonesia and to examine options to increase sugar production. To achieve these aims, a framework consisting of four steps was developed: Analysis of the current situation; problems identification; resolution; and delivering programs; and strategies. The main problems in sugar production in Indonesia were identified, including a stagnation in sugarcane harvest area, low sugarcane productivity, lack of good varieties, and inefficient sugar mills. Based on the identified problems, strategies to increase production were created. Two approaches need to be executed simultaneously: An increase in sugarcane planting area, and an increase in productivity and sugar yield. The first approach in increasing sugar production is the exploration of new sugarcane planting areas outside of Java both on existing agricultural land and in new areas. A land suitability analysis for the whole country was conducted based on a semi-detailed soil map. The main priority for development was the existing agricultural area via an integration system or existing crop exchange. The second approach is restructuring sugar factories through the revitalization of existing sugar mills and investment in the construction of new mills. The challenges that need to be addressed include land availability, provision of high-yielding varieties, and improving the efficiency of sugar mills. General strategies and medium-term programs are presented and discussed. These efforts, if well-executed, will boost Indonesia’s sugar production to meet its domestic demand by 2025, achieving competitiveness in the world market by 2045.
Kehilangan hara melalui limpasan permukaan dan erosi yang dibawa dari lahan pertanian, merupakan penyebab utama degradasi lahan pertanian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kehilangan unsur hara dari perkebunan kelapa sawit yang disebabkan oleh erosi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan plot erosi berukuran 12 m x 3 m yang terdiri dari kombinasi dua faktor: jenis gawangan antar baris kelapa sawit dan kemiringan. Limpasan permukaan dan nilai erosi pada gawangan hidup lebih tinggi daripada di gawangan mati. Kehilangan unsur hara N, P, dan K dari tanah yang tererosi secara berturut-turut berturut-turut adalah 0.04; 0.11 dan 0.10 ton ha-1 tahun-1. Total kehilangan hara (N, P, K) dalam gawangan mati adalah 0.007; 0.024 dan 0.023 ton ha-1 tahun-1. Kata kunci: aliran permukaan, erosi, kehilangan hara, kebun sawit
Abstract. Limited capacity of fresh water in some areas in Indonesia made some regions had drought problem or lack of surface water. One of the solutions was increasing ground water used. This research aimed to identify aquifer and the pattern of ground water flow and also to determine potential of groundwater reserved in Dusun Ngantru. The result would be use to find the right location to be used as groundwater wells. The method used in this research was geoelectric method. This method was used to determine the condition of aquifer and rocks under the soil and to define hydrogeological condition of Dusun Ngantru.The analysis results can be used as a reference of where and what kind of groundwater runs underneath, in order to be optimally utilized. The results of hydrogeological studies and the distribution of aquifer showed that there were unconfined and semi aquifers. The direction of the groundwater flow in the study site varied greatly as the lithologic arrangement varied just as much. In the study locations there were Ledok formation, Mundu formation, and Lidah formation. Groundwater potential ware predicted of 55.33 m³/day or 0.64 lt/s. Based on water quality standard in Indonesia, the water quality of wells were classified as first class quality.
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