This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the problem-solving ability profile of high school students as a consideration in applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model based on digital books on Dynamic Fluids. The survey method used is a preliminary survey method. Data collection techniques for written exams, questionnaires, and interviews with teachers and students. This research was conducted in Gresik district with a total of 143 high school students from 5 classes in class XI, there were 78 boys and 67 girls. This study was conducted in the even semester of 2020/2021. Written test data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. From the results of research based on problem-solving abilities that were tested on 143 students in the low category with a range of 0-40 as many as 133 students consisting of 76 men and 58 women. Medium category with a range of 41 – 70 as many as 9 students consisting of 0 boys and 9 students. While the High category with a range of 71 - 100 as many as 1 student, namely 1 female. Applying PBL techniques will improve students' problem-solving skills. Therefore, it can be concluded that in order to improve students' problem-solving skills, they need updates in learning, such as the application of an attractively packaged PBL learning model that is adapted to the current learning era

Problem solving skills are very important in the learning process and in everyday life. This study was conducted with the aim of analyzing what factors cause high school students to have difficulty in improving problem solving skills in physics learning. The method used is a Literature Study with qualitative analysis and reviewed 40 journals or articles in the period 2018-2022, journals obtained through Publish or Perish on the Scopus and Google Scholar databases which are certainly from trusted journals. The results obtained in this study are that the models and learning media used must be relevant because they are important factors that must be considered first in improving the problem solving abilities of high school students. In addition, students are only able to write what is known and asked, without knowing how to solve and students also still have difficulty in distinguishing the equations of physics formulas that will be used in solving problems. Efforts to improve problem solving are to use relevant learning models, such as those used by researchers from the literature study that we have done, namely PBL, PjBL, Inquiry and Discovery Learning. And STEM-based learning has also been shown to be effective in several studies to improve the problem-solving abilities of high school students in physics. And students also need a lot of practice in solving problem solving problems.

This study aims to analyze the application of inquest model learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research method reviewed literature and research articles as many as 15 articles that met the criteria both nationally and internationally which included inquiry models and physics learning when the pandemic was used in this research. Data collection is done indirectly and in the form of secondary data. The results showed that 1) The application of the inquiry learning model during the COVID-19 pandemic in improving students' understanding and critical and creative thinking skills increased significantly. 2) The use of online learning tools based on inquiry learning models shows an increase in students' understanding of concepts and critical thinking skills. 3) Online learning tools are categorized as feasible for use in physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. 4) It takes a long time to implement the inquiry learning model as long as online learning media, especially e-modules, have not met the demands of 21st century learning

This research aims to analyze the application of discovery learning to physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research method is a study of literature and journals, as many as ten journals that can be accounted for related to the application of discovery learning research models to physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The study was analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis with paper review technique. It was concluded that: 1) The application of the discovery learning model to physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic can improve student understanding, students’ critical thinking ability, and mastery of student concepts. 2) The use of online learning tools and discovery learning-based e-modules can improve students’ mastery of concepts in physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. 3) The advantages of the discovery learning model in physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic are that it can improve cognitive abilities and form students’ disciplined and positive attitudes. 4) The flexibility of the discovery learning model in physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic is that students have difficulty understanding the material, and teachers find it difficult to present the material, so the application of the discovery learning model in physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia is not all effective.

Problem-solving ability is one of the essential skills needed in the 21st century. Therefore, there has to be learning media that supports students' problem-solving abilities in physics lessons. One teaching material that is very suitable for the digital era is a digital book, commonly called an ebook. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of digital books in improving problem-solving over the past five years, 2018-2022 taken. This study uses a literature study method that includes reputable international and national journals. From the study results, it was found that during the last five years of the 30 journals we have reviewed, 98% that use of digital books was effective in improving problem-solving skills. This digital book can also improve some of the skills needed in the 21st century. Digital books have many advantages, including lots of pictures, graphs, phenomena, and animations that are relevant to learning physics, making learning physics more fun, and developing students' creativity in exploring and learning physics. Besides that, the drawback of digital books is that they can tire your eyes because you have to linger in front of your cell phone or laptop.