Batch measurements were conducted to assess the adsorption performance of raw and acid-activated bentonite with various operating conditions, including pH (3-11), initial PCP concentration (30-1000 mg/l), contact time (10-180 min), and temperature (25-65 °C). Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the structure and morphology of bentonite. The adsorption isotherms in the system were described using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The system's thermodynamic characteristics were also examined; including Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy of the adsorption processes. According to the thermodynamic analysis, the adsorption is exothermic. The kinetic of adsorption is best described by a pseudo-second-order expression than a first order model. The experiment results are compatible with the Freundlich equation
Emerging organic micropollutants, such as bisphenol A (BPA), have raised concerns about their negative impact on human health and ecological safety. This review article aims to demonstrate and highlight recent advances in adsorption applications for bisphenol A, a toxic environmental pollutant commonly found in wastewater. There are many reasons to use non-toxic materials and eco-friendly technologies to remove this pollutant from sewage. [1] Several adsorbents previously used have shown significant efficiency and performance for the removal of BPAs, and current research is directed towards the development of low-cost treatment processes using materials such as clays and Chitosan. The properties of the adsorbent can be adjusted by changing their surface for an optimized performance. In addition, the efficiency of the adsorption process depends on various parameters such as solution pH, the pollutant concentration, contact time, temperature, nature and dose of the adsorbent, which are also discussed. In addition, we critically review the isothermal, kinetic and thermodynamic approaches. [2]
A simple, solvent-free, and field-compatible approach to sample preparation is provided by the basic process known as solid-phase micro extraction (SPME). The aim of this study was to improve the circumstances under which triazines were extracted from aqueous matrices. The complex technique enabled the detection of the analytes in the water at a physiological level. An evaluation of the practicability of the most commercially available fiber coatings has been conducted. The porous materials (Carbowax/DVB and PDMS/DVB) extracted more efficiently than homogeneous ones (PDMS and polyacrylate). Further investigation has been focused on 65 mm PDMS/DVB fiber. Solid phase microextraction is a technique based on the partition equilibrium of analytes between the sample and the fiber. Therefore, 60 minutes were required to reach equilibrium at room temperature. The desorption efficiency at 3 temperature levels had been compared and 270 °C was retained. Experiments were performed with a Finnigan MAT GCQ Model installed with a 30-m x 0.32-mm ID, ZB-5 (0.25-mm film thickness) fused-silica capillary column, and Helium as a carrier gas (at 30 kPa), The ion trap mass spectrometer was operated in the electron ionization (EI) mode. Keywords: Fiber coating, Gaz chromatography, Mass spectrometry, Pesticides, Water matrices, Analysis.
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