This article critically examines and integrates previous research in cross‐cultural and cross‐linguistic assessment. Issues that apply to the assessment of Latinos who speak both Spanish and English are examined. For ease of presentation, testing concerns with this population are divided into 3 broad areas: client issues, test issues, and clinician/assessor issues. Recommendations are made to assist in the provision of cross‐culturally and cross‐linguistically valid testing of Spanish‐English bilingual Latinos.
Marianismo, the traditional sexual code of behavior for Latinas, specifies chastity before marriage, sexual passivity after marriage, and the subordination of women to men. In addition to describing traditional gender role expectations for Latinos, this paper discusses marianismo as an important organizer of various conflicts experienced by Latinas. It also presents selected case material from a psychoanalysis to illustrate the impact of Marianismo on the therapeutic process when both the analyst and the patient are Latinas.
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