KRN2391 is potassium channel opener with a nitrate moiety which possesses potent vasodilatory action. The hemodynamic profiles of KRN2391-induced hypotension are still not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of KRN2391 for induced hypotension. Eight dogs were anesthetized with 0.87% halothane in oxygen (1 MAC). After the baseline period, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced to 60 mmHg for 60 min by the infusion of KRN2391. MAP was reduced approximately 50% and was associated with a 80% maximum reduction (P<0.01) in systemic vascular resistance but was not accompanied by a significant change in heart rate. Hypotension induced by KRN2391 was associated with a 224% maximum increase (P<0.01) in cardiac index (CI) and a 136% maximum increase (P<0.01) in stroke volume index (SVI) during induced hypotension. Both CI and SVI remained significantly increased after the termination of drug infusion. Left ventricular maximum dP/dt increased significantly during and after induced hypotension. Right atrial and mean pulmonary artery pressures increased significantly, whereas pulmonary capillary wedge pressure remained unchanged. The results of the present study show that KRN2391 is effective in reducing afterload during induced hypotension, and suggest that the hemodynamic profiles of KRN2391-induced hypotension are a hyperdynamic state as expressed by twofold increases in CI concomitant with the increase in right ventricular filling pressures.
SummaryThe influence of fish oil and safflower oil contained in the common Japanese diet as the main dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid source on plasma fatty acids in ten female student volunteers (21-22 years old) was investigated. The subjects were divided into two groups and fed the experimental diets for five days. The total daily fat intake in the fish diet and safflower oil diet was 54.4g and 56.2g, respectively, and the fat derived from fish and safflower oil was 16g and 23g, respectively. The proportion of linoleic acid was reduced in the plasma of subjects fed the fish diet and increased in the plasma of subjects fed the safflower oil diet. The plasma levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were significantly elevated in the fish diet group. The ratio of EPA/arachidonic acid (AA) was higher, and those of n-6/n-3 and n-9/n-3 were lower in the plasma of subjects fed the fish diet when compared to the results obtained from plasma of subjects fed the safflower oil diet. From these results, it seems likely that fish oil in the common Japanese diet is a favorable source of plasma EPA and DHA even in such short term supplementation and with such a small amount of daily consumption.
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