Aggressive natural killer-cell leukemia (ANKL) is a rare form of large granular lymphocyte leukemia, which is characterized by a systemic proliferation of NK cells. The clinical features of 22 ANKL cases were analyzed. Hepatomegaly (64%), splenomegaly (55%) and lymphadenopathy (41%) were also frequently observed. Leukemic cells were identified as CD1 À
Summary. CD27 is a marker of memory B cells and its interaction with its ligand, CD70, is very important for differentiation into plasma cells. Although CD27 is detected on normal plasma cells, its expression is significantly reduced with the progression of multiple myeloma (MM), including monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). CD27+ myeloma cells are thought to represent an early phase of myeloma, as CD27+ plasma cells from MM patients were found to be composed of normal plasma cells (CD19+/CD38++) and myeloma cells (CD19–/CD38++), and monoclonality was detected in the CD27+/CD38++ fraction. Given that the lack of CD27 on plasma cells is related to myelomagenesis and that the pro‐apoptotic protein Siva is thought to bind to the cytoplasmic tail of CD27, we analysed alterations of cell growth and genes caused by co‐culturing CD27‐transfected myeloma cell lines (U266, KMS‐5) with CD70‐transfected NIH3T3 cells. CD27–CD70 interaction could not induce apoptosis in either type of myeloma transfectant, and binding between Siva and CD27 was not detected. cDNA microarray (human apoptosis CHIP) analysis showed a significant upregulation of expression of the ectodermal neural cortex 1 (ENC1) gene by CD27–CD70 interaction compared with CD27 transfection alone. These findings show that the relationship between the loss of CD27 and oncogenesis of plasma cells is not simple. It remains unclear whether the lack of CD27 leads to evasion of apoptosis.
Acute transfusion reactions (ATRs) are significantly relevant to the morbidity and mortality of patients. ATRs are mostly not severe and rarely cause severe conditions, including anaphylactic shock. The aim of this study was to clarify the frequency of ATRs and the time of event occurrence. A total of 18,745 transfusions were administered to 11,718 patients during a 3-year period. Adverse reactions including at least one sign or symptom were collected through a report system in 143 of 2,478 (5.7%) platelet concentrate transfusions, 105 of 6,629 (1.6%) red blood cell component transfusions and 51 of 2,307 (2.2%) fresh frozen plasma transfusions. Allergic signs and symptoms accounted for 70% of all adverse events. Severe signs and symptoms were observed in 7.1% of patients. These events appeared significantly earlier than those of non-severe signs and symptoms (median time 20 min vs 100 min, P < 0.05). For patients who have had repetitive transfusion-associated adverse events, preventive treatments for adverse events should be proactively promoted.
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