On February 4, 2008, Admiral Paul Sullivan, Commander of the Naval Sea Systems Command, sent out a letter entitled: Ship Design and Analysis Tool Goals. The purpose of the widely distributed memorandum was to state the requirements and high‐level capability goals for NAVSEA design synthesis and analysis tools. In this memo, Admiral Sullivan expressed the need for evolving models and analysis tools to be compatible with, among other things, set‐based design (SBD). Admiral Sullivan's memo was a major step toward improving ship design programs with new, more powerful analytical support tools but many have asked, “What is Set‐Based Design and how does it relate to Naval Ship Design?” SBD is a complex design method that requires a shift in how one thinks about and manages design. The SBD paradigm can replace point‐based design construction with design discovery; it allows more of the design effort to proceed concurrently and defers detailed specifications until trade‐offs are more fully understood. This paper describes the principles of SBD citing improvements SBD in design practice that have set the stage for SBD, and relating these principles to current Navy ship design issues.

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For the past four years, Advanced Surface Machinery Programs (SEA 03R2) has been developing the Integrated Power System (IPS) to reduce ship acquisition and life cycle costs while still meeting all ship performance requirements. IPS provides electrical power to ship service loads and electric propulsion for a wide range of ship applications including surface combatants, aircraft carriers, amphibious ships, auxiliary ships, sealift and high value commercial ships. IPS consists of an architecture and a family of modules from which affordable and high performance configurations can be developed for the full range of ship applications. Two years ago, the initial IPS concepts were presented at ASNE Day 1994. Since then, much has been learned through the Reduced Scale Advanced Development (RSAD) and Full Scale Advanced Development (FSAD) programs. This paper describes the fundamental IPS architecture, details the evolving “family of modules” and their interface standards, and outlines the “Mass Customization” based design process for achieving customer performance requirements with an affordable IPS configuration.

Modern ships typically have a number of distributed systems. Distributed systems are used because it's simpler, cheaper, and better to centrally produce a commodity such as electricity or chill water, than to locally produce it with the users of the commodity. For naval warships, in addition to cost, two measures of performance are very important: Survivability and quality of service. Survivability relates to the ability of the distributed system, even when potentially damaged by a threat, to support the ship's ability to continue fulfilling its missions to the degree planned for the particular threat. Quality of service measures the ability of the distributed systems to support the normal, undamaged operation of its loads. This paper defines a number of key terms, details a number of different zonal architectures, describes the situations where the architectures are best suited and proposes a framework for zonal ship design that promises to satisfy survivability performance requirements and quality of service requirements.

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The U.S. Navy has shifted priority from designing systems that offer increased capability, to systems which are more affordable, but enable improved performance. To address the emphasis on affordability, the Advanced Surface Machinery (ASM) Programs and the Affordability Through Commonality (ATC) program are proposing ship systems composed of common modules employing standardized parts. This paper describes the Integrated Power System (IPS) which provides electrical power for both propulsion and ship service loads for a wide range of ship applications including submarines, surface combatants, aircraft carriers, amphibious ships, auxiliary ships, sealift and high value commercial ships. IPS consists of an architecture and a family of modules from which affordable and high performance configurations can be developed for the full range of ship applications. In most configurations, IPS reduces the number of prime movers and divides ships into electrical zones controlled in a modular fashion. Cost reductions are realized in acquisition, training, manning, maintenance and other logistic support areas.

The primary aim of the design of a shipboard electric power system has traditionally been survivability and continuity of the electrical power supply. Survivability relates to the ability of the power system, when damaged by a threat, to support the ship's ability to continue its missions. Power continuity relates to the ability of the power system to reliably provide power to ship systems under normal operations. This paper proposes new metrics for survivability and continuity of service that enable a better definition of power system requirements linked to the operational needs of the ship. For survivability, the threats for which a ship is designed are its design threats, and the required residual capability following damage from a design threat is the design threat outcome. Quality of service serves as a metric of the continuity of the electrical power supply under normal operation. Quality of service is measured in terms of a mean time between service interruption. A service interruption is defined as any interruption in the supply or deviations outside normal bounds of power quality that prevent a load from performing its assigned function.