Background The risk factors of ischemic heart disease (IHD) specific for women are less well studied. However, knowing the risk factors of IHD for women will empower women themselves to be better informed and thus can help them in decision making concerning their health condition. The objective of this study is to explore the commonly studied risk factors of ischemic heart disease (IHD) among a group of Malaysian women. Methods A case control study was conducted among 142 newly diagnosed IHD women patients registered in government hospitals in Terengganu, Malaysia and their 1:1 frequency matched population controls. Data on sociodemographic and socioeconomic profile, co-morbidities, lifestyle factors related to physical activities, dietary fat intake, stress, passive smoking history, anthropometric measurements and biochemical markers were obtained. Results Middle aged women were recruited with women diagnosed with diabetes (aOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.11–3.31), having low HDL-C (aOR = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.28–8.27), those with positive family history of IHD (aOR = 1.92, 95% CI:1.13–3.26) and passive smokers (aOR = 2.99, 95% CI:1.81–4.94) were at higher odds of IHD. Conclusions The findings are useful for public health interventions and policy making focusing on specific women population.
Background: COVID-19 has a varied clinical presentation and may progress to severe form which could be fatal. Determination of risk factors for severe infection would be beneficial in averting COVID-19 mortality in Terengganu setting.Materials and Methods: A casecontrol study between mild and severe COVID-19 groups was conducted in Terengganu state from 1st March 2020 until 31st January 2021 based on retrospective record review. Individuals with laboratory RT-PCR confirmed positive test for COVID-19 were included as study samples. Descriptive statistics, simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were employed for statistical analysis.Results: There were 2142 COVID-19 cases in Terengganu during the studied period. The proportion of severe COVID-19 infection was 2.1% (95%CI: 0.01, 0.03). Among the severe COVID-19 cases, their mean (±SD) age was 52 (±16) and majority of them were male (59.1%) and had comorbidity (56.8%). The common symptoms among severe COVID-19 cases included fever (68.2%), cough (63.6%), coryza (22.7%), sore throat (13.6%) and anosmia (11.4%). Multiple logistic regression revealed older age, presence of comorbidity, having symptoms of fever, cough and anosmia as the significant associated factors for severe COVID-19 with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 1.07 (95%CI: 1.03, 1.11), p<0.001; AOR 5.97 (95%CI: 2.09, 17.01), p=0.001; AOR 4.78 (95%CI: 1.63, 14.05), p=0.004; AOR 4.81 (95%CI: 1.70, 13.60), p=0.003; and AOR 8.39 (95%CI: 1.39, 50.33), p=0.020,respectively.Conclusion: Knowing the predictive factors for severe COVID-19 would facilitate clinicians in timely identification of high-risk cases for delivering prompt treatment and intervention.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 03 July’22 Page: 269-274
Background: In Terengganu, healthcare workers (HCW) face similar risk of exposure to COVID-19 as other settings in Malaysia and globally. This study aimed to describe the current situation of COVID-19 among HCW in Terengganu state. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Terengganu state of Malaysia among healthcare workers based on retrospective record review. The inclusion criteria were HCW working in Terengganu’s public healthcare facilities with laboratory reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed positive test for COVID-19 and notified to Terengganu State Health Department from 1st March 2020 until 30th September 2021. Descriptive statistics were employed for statistical analysis. Result: As of 30th September 2021, there were 919 HCW infected with COVID-19. The mean (±SD) of samples’ age and RT-PCR cycle threshold (Ct) value was 36 (±7) and 24.87 (±7.86), respectively. Majority of infected HCW in Terengganu were female (74.5%), from job category of nurses (38.7%) followed by medical doctors (19.6%), not directly involved in COVID-19 cases management (72.3%), symptomatic (61.2%), diagnosed as Category 2 COVID-19 (52.4%) followed by Category 1 COVID-19 (47.2%), and had no comorbidity (91.0%). Conclusion: COVID-19 commonly involved personnel related to clinical work (doctors and nurses). Screening and diagnosis of COVID-19 among HCW was early as depicted by relatively low mean RT-PCR CT value and therefore averted progression to severe COVID-19 stages (Category 4 and Category 5).
Introduction: Plasmodium knowlesi (P. knowlesi), zoonotic malaria cases had been increasing in trend in Terengganu, Malaysia. This study aimed to determine the associated factors of P. knowlesi malaria among registered malaria cases in Terengganu from 2011 to September 2019 via the Vekpro Online Database. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using registered malaria cases in Terengganu from 2011 to September 2019 extracted from the Vekpro Online database and secondary weather data from the Malaysian Meteorological Department. A total sample of 247 malaria cases [(P. knowlesi (n=187), P. falciparum (n=23), P. vivax (n=37), P. malariae (n=4), mixed infection (n=3)] were analysed. The cases were grouped into P. knowlesi group (P. knowlesi, P. malariae, mixed infection) and non-P. knowlesi group (P. falciparum, P. vivax) for comparison of their risk factors. Multiple Logistic Regression analysis was used to identify the associated factors. Results: Plasmodium knowlesi group contributed to 187 out of 247 (75.7%) of all malaria cases. Four factors were found to be significantly associated with P. knowlesi group in the final multivariable logistic regression analysis. Age [AOR=1.04 (95% CI: 1.01,1.08)], Malay race [AOR=39.43 (95% CI: 13.99,111.18)], agriculture and forestry worker [AOR=14.95 (95% CI: 4.10,54.51)] and Passive Case Detection [AOR=11.70 (95% CI: 2.60,52.63)] were the significant associated factors. Conclusion: Identified significant associated factors and characteristics of the high-risk group for P. knowlesi infection can help medical and health front liners in Terengganu in early diagnosis and prompt treatment of the cases. The factors also will help in the planning and development of health interventions in targeting P. knowlesi infection.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.