GI symptoms, both upper and lower, are common in patients with SSc. Patients should be asked specifically about GI symptoms as they may be under-reported and therefore under-treated. GI focused questionnaire is an effective way to assess gut symptoms and adjust treatment.
Patients with SSc (both Sx and ASx) have thin and atrophic IAS, suggesting that IAS atrophy develops even in ASx patients and this may be amenable to treatment with sacral neuromodulation.
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