Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) in Egypt is a relatively high young onset disease. As a form of heterogeneous cancer, there is interplay between genetic and environmental factors. We aimed at probing the association of life style factors and Microsatellite Instability (MSI) status that could provide more insights on carcinogenic process of CRC. Methods: One hundred incident sporadic CRC patients were involved. Information on risk factors of CRC was obtained and microsatellite instability status was predicted through evaluation of MMR protein expression via immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: Median age was 47.50 years, females represented 54.0% and 36% of patients were Microsatellite Instability High (MSI-H). Most patients with right sided colon cancer (78.3%) were MSI-H while mostly stable or low MSS/MSI-L for left-sided colon and rectum (78.6%, 74.3% respectively, p<0.001). Patients with low physical activity had higher risk of MSS/MSI-L than those with moderate or high activity p =0.026. Patients with BMI greater than 30 Kg/m 2 had higher MSS/MSI-L (75.5%) than those with BMI between 25-30 Kg/m 2 (60.6%) and those with normal BMI <25 (38.9%), p for trend = 0.006. On subgroup analyses, the association of high BMI with MSS/ MSI-L was only shown in patients younger than 40 years, females, stage III, non-mucin secreting adenocarcinoma and a significant interaction with physical activity. Conclusion: In Conclusion, the present study confirms the increased risk of MSS/MSI-L with increased BMI and speculates this association to be modified by patient's life style and tumor characteristics. Further research is needed to validate present results.
Background
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin 13 (IL13) gene are associated with vulnerability to allergic diseases, such as asthma and allergic conjunctivitis (AC). Periostin, as an IL13-induced protein, has emerged as a novel biomarker in several allergic diseases. Data among Egyptian patients are still scarce.
Aim
To find out the association of IL13 rs20541 gene polymorphism and serum levels of periostin with asthma and AC among Egyptian patients.
Patients and Methods
Eighty-one Egyptian allergic patients with asthma, AC, and both asthma and AC (27 each), were enrolled in this case–control study. Twenty-seven age and gender-matched healthy volunteers served as controls. All participants were tested for IL13 rs20541 SNP by real-time polymerase chain reaction, TaqMan method. Serum levels of periostin and IL13 were assessed by ELISA.
Results
Compared to healthy subjects, asthmatic patients had a higher frequency of the homozygous adenine/adenine (AA) genotype at IL13 rs20541 SNP (14.8% vs 3.7%) and a lower frequency of the guanosine/guanosine (GG) genotype (51.9% vs 55.6%), while AC patients had higher GG genotype (70.4% vs 55.6%) with no AA genotype detected, yet no significant difference was noticed (p = 7.053). A significantly higher serum periostin in asthmatic patients compared to controls was found (p = 0.005). Higher levels of serum periostin, although nonsignificant, were recorded in AC patients compared to controls (22.88 ± 10.01ng/mL and 17.51 ± 3.17ng/mL, respectively). Periostin was significantly higher in patients with IL13 AA and GA genotypes compared to those with GG genotype (p = 0.016). A significant positive correlation between serum periostin and serum IL13 among allergic patients was recorded (r = 0.352, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Among Egyptian patients, serum level of periostin is significantly associated with asthma and positively correlates with IL13 level supporting its utility as a diagnostic biomarker. IL13 rs20541 gene polymorphism does not seem to play an obvious role in asthma and AC, which requires further evaluation.
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