The purpose of this study is to find the optimum sizing parameters of the undamped single tuned filter in the nonsinusoidal system by using a new method called Mixed Integer Distributed Ant Colony Optimization. The inductance and capacitance values of the filter are obtained for each criterion where the power factor is maximized, the losses power in Thevenin's resistor is minimized or the transmission efficiency is maximized complying with the technical and practical constraints based on IEEE Std. 519-2014 and IEEE Std. 18-2012. A detailed study has been performed and discussed where global minimum and maximum are achieved after considering the loads being nonlinear, the value of the filter that would introduce resonance, voltage total harmonic distortion, the consequence of the Thevenin's impedance on the load voltage and the practical values of the capacitor. The obtained optimum value of a single tuned filter is used to explain the system performance by evaluating other functions. The effectiveness of the proposed method is proved by comparison with previous publication and other evolutionary computation techniques which are genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization.
Power system harmonics is one of the power quality problems. This study proposed an optimal single-tuned filter to eliminate harmonics in the power system using an optimization tool known as Mixed Integer Distributed Ant Colony Optimization. Two objective functions have been considered: the total of harmonic voltage distortions and transmission losses. The global maximum and minimum were achieved by maintaining the desired range of power factor, the quality factor is maintained within a specific range, avoiding harmonic resonance, and ensuring that capacitors and harmonic voltage do not violate IEEE standards. On a comprehensive passive filter design, this study also presents the advantages of multi-objective approaches over single-objective optimization using the proposed technique.
This paper describes the design of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system using simulation of PVsyst software. This work involves the simulation of bifacial and mono-facial PV solar in a large-scale solar system. For a bifacial system, the yearly total energy to the grid is 1699.6 MWh, with an average of 4.57 kWh/kWp/day. For a mono-facial system, the total energy to the grid over the year is 1645.3 MWh, with an average of 4.05 kWh/kWp/day. The average collection losses obtained for bifacial and mono-facial modules were 0.33 kWh/kWp/day and 0.82 kWh/kWp/day, respectively, with system losses of 0.15 kWh/kWp/day (bifacial) and 0.18 kWh/kWp/day (mono-facial). The average performance ratio for bifacial and mono-facial was 0.904 and 0.801, respectively. The bifacial PV system was able to generate profit in terms of Return on investment (ROI), around 357%, and reach a breakeven around 7 years. The payback period for a mono-facial PV system was around 8.1 years, with an ROI of 290.4%. This work mainly focuses on a comparative analysis of bifacial and mono-facial photovoltaics, emphasizing the effectiveness and the implementation suitability of bifacial photovoltaics over mono-facial PV solar systems.
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