Objectives: Heart failure (HF) is a common clinical syndrome with an enormous impact on prognosis and lifestyle. Accordingly, rehabilitation measures need to be patient-specific and consider various sociocultural factors so as to improve the patient’s quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to develop and validate a HF-specific QOL (HFQOL) questionnaire within a multicultural setting. Methods: This study took place at the National Heart Institute and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, between March 2013 and March 2014. A self-administered 75-item HFQOL questionnaire was designed and administrated to 164 multi-ethnic Malaysian HF patients. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to assess the instrument’s construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were used to determine internal consistency. Results: A total of 33 out of 75 items were retained in the final tool. The HFQOL questionnaire had three common factors—psychological, physical-social and spiritual wellbeing—resulting in a cumulative percentage of total variance of 44.3%. The factor loading ranges were 0.450–0.718 for psychological wellbeing (12 items), 0.394–0.740 for physical-social wellbeing (14 items) and 0.449–0.727 for spiritual wellbeing (seven items). The overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.82, with coefficients of 0.86, 0.88 and 0.79 for the psychological, physical-social and spiritual wellbeing subdomains, respectively. Conclusion: The HFQOL questionnaire was found to be a valid and reliable measure of QOL among Malaysian HF patients from various ethnic groups. Such tools may facilitate cardiac care management planning among multi-ethnic patients with HF.Keywords: Heart Failure; Quality of Life; Culturally Competent Care; Ethnic Groups; Questionnaire Design; Reliability and Validity; Malaysia.
This study has two aims: first, to compare the effectiveness of emotional intelligence intervention through online learning versus face-to-face (traditional) learning methods among undergraduate students at a local university in Malaysia. Second, it assesses the impact of emotional intelligence learning on students’ mental health improvement. It is a 2 x 3 factorial quasi-experimental (online learning) using an equivalent control group (face-to-face learning) pre-post-test. Both experimental and control groups comprised 40 students, respectively. The study is set in a classroom and several computer labs in the designated university e-learning facilities. Mixed ANOVA repeated measures analysis results indicate that the online learning group shows no difference from the face-to-face learning group in emotional intelligence learning. Despite that, this study significantly impacts the growth of emotional intelligence skills on students’ mental health among online learning groups. In addition, there is improvement in students with depression over seven weeks of pre-post-test. We propose online learning to be as effective as face-to-face learning in teaching emotional intelligence in light of these findings. We further argue that online learning is more accessible and meaningful to undergraduate students’ emotional intelligence. This study suggests that emotional intelligence is a crucial skill for students to maintain optimal mental health during their studies. Nevertheless, further investigation is needed to develop a feasible and cost-effective online learning medium accessible to students of all backgrounds.
The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between internet addiction, mental health and suicidal behavior among undergraduate students in Malaysia. Online survey method is used in this study. 150 undergraduate students were recruited through convenience sampling. There were three instruments used in this study which were The Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Mental Health Inventory-18 (MHI-18) and The Suicide Behavior Questionnaire Revised (SBQ-R). Descriptive analysis is conducted to determine the prevalence of university students with internet addiction. The results showed that undergraduate students with severe internet addiction was 5.3 %, while 51.3 % of the undergraduate student had moderate level of internet addiction, 28.7% of them had mild level of internet addiction and the rest were normal users of internet. Next, Pearson’s Correlation analysis showed that there is a low negative correlation between internet addiction and mental health (r_150 = -.27, p < 0.01). Furthermore, the Pearson’s Correlation analysis also showed that there is a weak positive correlation between internet addiction and suicidal behavior (r_150 = .23, p < 0.01). In conclusion, we can observe that internet addiction is significantly related to mental health and suicidal behavior. We need to take this issue more seriously as mental health is an important aspect in our life. Keywords: Internet addiction, Mental health, Suicidal behavior, Undergraduate students
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