Natural gas consumption contributes the least to CO2 emissions than other non-renewable energy such as oil and coal. Thus, it is important to replace oil in generating economic activities and leading the country towards low carbon state. Despite the environmentally friendly energy, most previous studies did not study gas consumption. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of gas consumption and other selected macroeconomic determinants such as labour, capital, foreign direct investment, trade openness, and financial development on Malaysia's economic growth from 1980 to 2019. The Augmented Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach is employed, and the results show that gas consumption plays a vital role in boosting economic growth in the short and long run. Based on these findings, all economic sectors should consume more natural gas instead of oil, including industries and transportation. This move can conserve the environment and support clean energy for sustainable development. The remaining variables also increased economic growth except for financial development. Based on these outcomes, the country's policymakers can construct a suitable policy that can improve all the potential macroeconomic determinants besides the use of natural gas consumption in accelerating growth in Malaysia.
The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges for educational institutions worldwide, including Universiti Teknologi MARA , Cawangan Pulau Pinang (UiTMCPP) in Malaysia. During the pandemic, the campus experienced a lockdown with 255 students, leading to potential stress, anxiety, and depression among the student population. To assess the students' mental health, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) was employed as a tool to measure their levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Based on the survey conducted, it was found that a significant percentage of students experienced normal levels of stress (70%), anxiety (55%), and depression (60%). However, a small percentage of students reported extremely severe cases of stress (0.8%), anxiety (7.1%), and depression (2.7%). These findings provided insight into the students' mental health condition during the Movement Control Order (MCO) period. In response to these findings, the Student Affair Department at UiTMCPP took appropriate actions based on a situational leadership approach. The leadership team recognized the need to adapt their leadership style to the unique situation presented by the pandemic. They took steps to provide support and assistance to students who were experiencing higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. This may have included offering counselling services, providing resources for mental health support, and creating initiatives to foster a supportive and inclusive campus environment during the challenging times of the pandemic. The situational leadership approach allowed the Student Affair Department to effectively respond to the needs of the students, taking into consideration the specific situation of the lockdown and the mental health challenges faced by the students. By being flexible and adaptable in their leadership approach, the Student Affair Department was able to provide appropriate support to the students and help them cope with the stress, anxiety, and depression caused by the pandemic.
Environmental degradation has always been discussed by previous studies. This is because environmental degradation can have impacts on human health. The global temperature is expected to continue to increase in the next 100 years. Therefore, it is important to investigate the determinants of CO2 emissions in the long run and short run in Malaysia. Data ranging from 1985 to 2014 were collected and the ARDL approach was employed. The results show that economic growth can be detrimental to the environment in both of the long run and short run. The results also show that population can have deleterious effects on the environment in the long run only. Therefore, enhancing economic growth and increasing the number of population should be controlled to ensure that the environment can be preserved.
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