A model of unsteady stagnation-point flow and heat transfer over a permeable exponential stretching/shrinking sheet with the presence of velocity slip is considered in this paper. The nanofluid model proposed by Tiwari and Das is applied where water with Prandtl number 6.2 has been chosen as the base fluid, while three different nanoparticles are taken into consideration, namely Copper, Alumina, and Titania. The ordinary differential equations are solved using boundary value problem with fourth order accuracy (bvp4c) program in Matlab to find the numerical solutions of the skin friction and heat transfer coefficients for different parameters such as stretching/shrinking, velocity slip, nanoparticle volume fraction, suction/injection, and also different nanoparticles, for which the obtained results (dual solutions) are presented graphically. The velocity and temperature profiles are presented to show that the far field boundary conditions are asymptotically fulfilled, and validate the findings of dual solutions as displayed in the variations of the skin friction and heat transfer coefficients. The last part is to perform the stability analysis to determine a stable and physically-realizable solution.

The effects of Soret and Dufour parameters on the boundary layer flow in nanofluid over stretching/ shrinking with time dependent is studied using Buongiorno model. The system of partial differential equations is transformed to the system of ordinary differential equations by applying similarity transformation. The results are obtained numerically using bvp4c in Matlab. The reduced skin friction coefficient reduced Nusselt number, velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are shown graphically with different values of Soret effect, Dufour effect, mass flux parameter, unsteadiness parameter, thermophoresis as well as Brownian motion parameter where the dual solutions are obtained. The unsteadiness parameter and mass flux parameter expand the range of solution for stretching/ shrinking parameter. Meanwhile, the Soret and Dufour parameters are found to affect the heat transfer rate at the surface. In order to determine the stability of the solutions, stability analysis is performed.

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