It is well known that Thai people and many other Asian countries consume rice as the main dish. Minor contamination of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in rice dishes may cause illness, fever or unwell for no apparent reason. For this reason, the research team was interested in the measurement and analysis of the concentrations of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in 28 samples of organic Sangyod rice from courtesy of rice farmers in the Don Pradu sub-district, Pak Phayun District, Songkhla province. In addition, the research team was also received courtesy of the National Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization) or TINT to use semiconductor detector measuring instruments and gamma spectrometry analysis systems for this research. It was found that the mean specific activity values of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs were 24.11 ± 2.01, 0.28 ± 0.07, 0.17 ± 0.06 and 0.10 ± 0.03 Bq/kg, respectively. The four relevant radiological indices which were gamma-absorbed dose rate (D), radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex) and annual external effective dose rate (AEDout), were also calculated and presented. Furthermore, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR(outdoor)) was also evaluated by using the AEDout value from the investigated area. The results of this research were taken to compare with the values measured by the Office of Atoms for Peace (OAP) and research groups that have been measured and analyzed both at home and abroad. In conclusion, the results in this study were found to be lower than the values recommended by some international organizations and is safe for consumers and farmers who produce organic Sang Yod rice in the study area.
Study on assessment of contamination of natural and artificial radionuclides in agricultural products samples are very important to all human being as a consumer. In the present study, we have measured and evaluated the specific activities of natural (40K, 226Ra and 232Th) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radionuclide in rice samples. The 30 rice samples were collected from general and department stores at Songkhla province in the south of Thailand. The high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector and gamma-ray spectrometry analysis system which was set-up in advanced laboratory in Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (public Organization) or TINT were employed to perform all of measurements and analysis for this study. The frequency distribution of specific activities of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs for this study were also studied and found to be asymmetrical distribution with the skewness of 1.29, 1.43, 2.32 and 0.82, respectively. For this reason, the median values of specific activities of 40K, 226Ra and 232Th which were 620.04 ± 44.30, 3.73 ±0.54 and 2.44 ±0.54 Bq/kg respectively, should be selected and also used to calculate some related radiological hazard indices in this study. Furthermore, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) would be also evaluated and presented. Moreover, the results of present study were taken to compare with some data and studies in Thailand and global measurement and calculations. It was found that the outcomes satisfied the standards of UNSCEAR and IAEA.
Specific activites of natural (40K, 226Ra and 40Th) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radionuclides in 30 glutinous rice samples bought from some local retailers and department stores in Songkhla Province have been measured and analyzed. Experiment results were carried out by using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector and gamma spectrometry analysis system at Radiation Laboratory in Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization) (TINT). The results show that the specific activities of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs in 30 glutinous rice samples ranged from < 592.21 – 896.36, < 3.73 – 11.92, < 2.49 – 7.84 and < 1.54 – < 2.35 Bq/kg respectively, with mean values of 683.13 ± 33.61, 6.09 ± 1.78, 4.20 ± 1.52 and < 1.92 ± 0.21 Bq/kg respectively. Furthermore, some related radioactive hazard indices and the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) value were also evaluated and found in the safety values. Moreover, all the results were compared with Office of Atoms for Peace (OAP) data, research data in Thailand, international studies and some recommended values.
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is one of the popular medicinal plants that is widely used and consumed in Thailand. In particular, it is taken to mix with curry and used as an herbal medicine for the general public. In this study, the specific activities of natural (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radionuclides that had accumulated in the rhizomes of fresh turmeric plants were measured and analyzed using a high purity germanium detector (HPGe) and gamma spectrometric analysis system. A total of 20 samples of fresh turmeric were collected from Lan Khoi Sub-district, Pa Phayom District, Phatthalung Province and were then prepared according to the standard method described in the IAEA manual. It was found that the range of values of 226Ra,232Th, 40K and 137Cs were <1.48-4.36, 7.78 - 17.65, 719.52 - 974.43, and < 1.40 - < 2.31 Bq/kg, respectively. The average values of those ranges were 1.99±0.07, 10.30 ± 0.40, 818.03 ± 22.85, and <1.82 ± 0.25 Bq/kg, respectively. According to the asymmetrical distribution of specific activities of all required radionuclides, the median values of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were used to evaluate some related radiological hazard indices which were annual radionuclide intake (Da), annual effective dose (Deff), total annual effective dose (Dtotal), and Lifetime Cancer Risk (LCR). Furthermore, the results were presented and compared to national and international recommended data. Moreover, the measured and evaluated values fell under the recommended limits of the UNSCEAR and IAEA.
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