Complex Semi-Definite Programming (SDP) is introduced as a novel approach to phase retrieval enabled control of monochromatic light transmission through highly scattering media. In a simple optical setup, a spatial light modulator is used to generate a random sequence of phase-modulated wavefronts, and the resulting intensity speckle patterns in the transmitted light are acquired on a camera. The SDP algorithm allows computation of the complex transmission matrix of the system from this sequence of intensity-only measurements, without need for a reference beam. Once the transmission matrix is determined, optimal wavefronts are computed that focus the incident beam to any position or sequence of positions on the far side of the scattering medium, without the need for any subsequent measurements or wavefront shaping iterations. The number of measurements required and the degree of enhancement of the intensity at focus is determined by the number of pixels controlled by the spatial light modulator.
The ability of phase-change materials to reversibly and rapidly switch between two stable phases has driven their use in a number of applications such as data storage and optical modulators. Incorporating such materials into metasurfaces enables new approaches to the control of optical fields. In this article we present the design of novel switchable metasurfaces that enable the control of the nonclassical two-photon quantum interference. These structures require no static power consumption, operate at room temperature, and have high switching speed. For the first adaptive metasurface presented in this article, tunable nonclassical twophoton interference from -97.7% (anti-coalescence) to 75.48% (coalescence) is predicted. For the second adaptive geometry, the quantum interference switches from -59.42% (anticoalescence) to 86.09% (coalescence) upon a thermally driven crystallographic phase transition. The development of compact and rapidly controllable quantum devices is opening up promising paths to brand-new quantum applications as well as the possibility of improving free space quantum logic gates, linear-optics bell experiments, and quantum phase estimation systems.
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