In this paper, an experimental investigation of the turbulence characteristics of a plane wall jet over smooth and rough surfaces, using laser Doppler anemometry (LDA), is reported. The Reynolds number based on the slot height and exit velocity of the jet was approximately Re = 7500. A 36-grit sheet was used as the rough surface, creating a transitionally rough flow regime (44<ks+<70). Both inner and outer scales were used to analyze the effects of surface roughness on the Reynolds stress profiles. Comparisons between the present results and other LDA and hot-wire anemometry studies for a smooth surface indicate a similar behavior for the Reynolds stress profiles. However, the magnitudes of the peak values of the Reynolds stress were higher than in most previous studies due to the lower slot Reynolds number. The present results indicate that surface roughness does not appear to significantly modify the Reynolds stress profiles in the outer region of the jet except for a reduction in the level. In contrast, surface roughness modifies both the shape and magnitudes of the Reynolds stress profiles in the inner layer. Due to the much higher friction velocity for a rough surface, the magnitudes of both the streamwise and wall-normal Reynolds stress decrease in the inner region when normalized using inner scales compared to the smooth-wall values.
The effect of surface roughness on the mean velocity and skin friction characteristics of a plane turbulent wall jet was experimentally investigated using laser Doppler anemometry. The Reynolds number based on the slot height and exit velocity of the jet was approximately Re = 7500. A 36-grit sheet was used to create a transitionally rough flow (44 < ks+ < 70). Measurements were carried out at downstream distances from the jet exit ranging from 20 to 80 slot heights. Both conventional and momentum-viscosity scaling were used to analyze the streamwise evolution of the flow on smooth and rough walls. Three different methods were employed to estimate the friction velocity in the fully developed region of the wall jet, which was then used to calculate the skin friction coefficient. This paper provides new experimental data for the case of a plane wall jet on a transitionally rough surface and uses it to quantify the effects of roughness on the momentum field. The present results indicate that the skin friction coefficient for the rough-wall case compared to a smooth wall increases by as much as 140%. Overall, the study suggests that for the transitionally rough regime considered in the present study, roughness effects are significant but mostly confined to the inner region of the wall jet.
This study assesses the hypothesis of incomplete similarity for a plane turbulent wall jet on smooth and transitionally rough surfaces. Typically, a wall jet is considered to consist of two regions: an inner layer and an outer layer. The degree to which these two regions reach equilibrium with each other and interact to produce the property of self-similarity remains an open question. In this study, the analysis of the outer and inner regions indicates that each region is characterised by a half-width which exhibits its own distinct dependence on the streamwise distance x from the slot, and a single self-similar structure for both regions does not exist. More specifically, the inner and outer layers of the wall jet exhibit different scaling laws, which results in two selfsimilar mean velocity profiles, both of which retain a dependence on the slot height H. As such, incomplete similarity of the wall jet on smooth and transitionally rough surfaces is confirmed by this study. In addition, comparison of the experimental results for the transitionally rough surface with the smooth wall case indicates that the surface roughness modifies the development of the mean velocity profile in both the inner and outer regions, although the effect on the outer region is relatively small and close to the experimental uncertainty.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.