Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one type of arrhythmia that occurs frequently to patients in the last decade. AF patients have five times higher risk to stroke and death, and they also have two times higher risk compared to others. A correct selection of governance in AF could result in better prognosis of the patients. The aim of this study was to explain AF of the outpatients in Department of Cardiology of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in February 2018, so that it can detect early AF and prevent further advanced complications. Methods: This research was descriptive method design. The population and sample of this study included all of the patients who had AF and came to out-patient care in Department of Cardiology of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in February 2018. This research was real-time total sampling and was analyzed descriptively.Results: In this study, 60 samples which were suitable to the criteria were gained with the numbers of 25 males (41.7%) and 35 females (58.3%). AF attacked more patients in age 51-60 years old (31.7%). The most common etiology of AF is rheumatic heart disease (60%).Conclusion: Most of AF patients in this study were 51-60 years old, female, and were caused by rheumatic heart disease. With the lack information, it still needed further studies with more complete data for better accuracy.
Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often experience many comorbidities, such as constipation. Pain and discomfort that often accompany constipation have an impact on behavior and decrease quality of life. Abdominal muscle weakness can cause a low increase in intra-abdominal pressure so that the expulsive force during defecation is not adequate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the addition of interferential current (IFC) therapy on standard therapy (lactulose) on abdominal muscle activity in children with cerebral palsy (CP) with constipation.
Methods: This research is a true experimental study with pre and post-test randomized control group design. Subjects were 18 children with CP who were constipated according to the ROMA IV criteria, which were divided into two groups, namely the control group who received standard therapy (lactulose) and the intervention group who received lactulose plus IFC therapy with a frequency of 4000-4100 Hz, duration 20 minutes, 3 times a week for 1 month. The parameters evaluated in this study were the value of abdominal muscle activity at rest and during contraction. Measurements were carried out twice, before and one week after the completion of the IFC therapy series. Data were analyzed computerized with SPSS v20.0.
Results: There was a significant decrease in abdominal muscle activity at rest (P= .024) in the treatment group, while there was an insignificant increase in the control group (P= 0,266).
The abdominal muscle activity during contraction in the treatment group showed a greater increase (P= 0.730) than in the control group (P= 0.831). The effect size in the treatment group is 0.2, which means it has a small effect, while in the control group is 0.1, which means it has no effect.
Conclusion: The addition of IFC to standard therapy (lactulose) can improve abdominal muscle activity so that IFC can be an alternative supporting therapy in cerebral palsy with constipation to provide a good clinical response.
To determine the addition of interferential current (IFC) in treating constipation in children with cerebral palsy (CP), is more effective than standard therapy (lactulose). An experimental study with a single blind randomized controlled trial. Prior to receiving therapy, the subjects examined the baseline data regarding the Constipation Scoring System (CSS). The total subjects were 18 children with CP who had constipation according to ROME IV criteria, which were divided into two groups, the control group who received standard therapy (lactulose) and the intervention group who received lactulose plus IFC therapy with a frequency of 4000-4100 Hz, duration 20 minutes, 3 times a week for 1 month. A week after the last IFC, CSS was re-evaluated to assess outcomes. Data were analyzed computerized with SPSS v20.0. There was an improvement of CSS in CP with constipation who received additional IFC (P= .002) and lactulose P= .014). There was no significant difference of CSS between the two groups after therapy (P= .917).
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