The eco-friendly technique which converted the low cost waste residues such as corncob to the valuable material such as solid fuel or advanced material is favorable. This study aims to enhance the knowledge limitation of key elements characteristics of carbonized corncob including fiber constituents, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy as the precursor material for further activation to produce the bio-based activated carbon via the mild temperature hydrothermal technique with demonstrated scale reactor comparing to high temperature pyrolysis. The hydrothermal carbonization takes place in 10 liters reactor at 250 o C. The pyrolysis is operated at 480 o C. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of corncob feedstock, hydrochar derived from hydrothermal and biochar derived from pyrolysis are 16.13, 11.53 and 7.66 m2 g -1 respectively. The oxygenated functional groups contents and high BET surface area of hydrochar are more predominant than biochar. Henceforth, the optimization for better degradation of fiber constituents will be the future work before the activation step
This study aims to investigate the effects of ionic salt liquid and biomass concentration to partial vapour pressure change in hydrothermal carbonization system. The durability of reactor and safety aspect are crucial point for constant volume system which pressure is independence and important in scaling up hydrothermal process. The ionic salt including calcium propionate with the molality of 0.33, 0.43 and 0.65 and sodium chloride with the molality of 0.86, 1.14 and 1.71 were used. The suspension of corncob biomass and deionized water with the ratio 1:20 and 1:10 also were evaluated. The partial vapour pressure of the solution of sodium chloride with the molality of 1.71 decrease for 12.5 %. The partial vapour pressure of corncob biomass concentration with 1:20 decrease for 2.8%. The hydrochar produced from the 240 °C of reaction temperature and 100 minutes reaction time demonstrated the gradually decrease of hemicellulose constituent corresponding with higher biomass concentration.
Thailand and south-east Asia have been struggled with agriculture biomass residues management for decades where open burning causes severe air pollution affecting millions of people every year. Thermal carbonization is one of the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly techniques which converted the low value residues such as straw, corn stovers and corncob into a more valuable material such as solid biofuel, chemical adsorbent feed stocks. This study aims to explore crucial characteristics of carbonized corncob including fibre composition, BET surface area and FT-IR spectrums. The characteristics can be used to identify the potential of the material for further surface enhancement or surface activation to produce the bio-based activated carbon. The carbonization process in this work includes mild temperature hydrothermal technique and high-temperature pyrolysis process. The hydrothermal carbonization temperature is set at 250°C in a pressurized reactor where a pyrolysis is operated at 480°C and 380°C at atmospheric pressure. The BET surface area of “hydrochared” corncob derived from hydrothermal is 11.53 compared with 16.13 m2 g−1 of the raw materials. The pyrolized biochar at 480°C and 380°C yields surface area of 7.66 and 6.12 m2 g−1. The oxygenated functional groups on char surface and BET surface area are also compared to provide baseline for carbon activation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.