Objective: To report the distribution of oral and maxillofacial pathologies diagnosed histologically in laboratory. Methods: The retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan, and comprised biopsied lesions submitted to the institutional laboratory from 2010 to 2019. Data on gender, age, site of the lesion and histopathological diagnosis was retrieved from the records. Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel. Results: Of the 986 histologically confirmed cases, 545(55.27%) related to males and 441(44.72%) to females. The overall mean age of the patients was 43.20+19.85. Tongue was the most affected site 159(16.1%). The most common diagnostic category was malignant tumours 338(34%), followed by salivary gland pathology 162(16%), and cysts and odontogenic tumours 138(14%). The most common histopathological finding was oral squamous cell carcinoma 249(25.2%), and pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign tumour 103(10.4%). Conclusion: Oral squamous cell carcinoma was the most common malignancy, while pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign tumour. Key Words: Oral and maxillofacial lesions, Prevalence, Histopathology, Benign lesions, Malignant lesions.
Background and Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the relative frequency of odontogenic cysts in two local dental college hospitals.Methodology:In this study 90 cysts from both jaws, treated at Khyber College of Dentistry and Sardar Begum Dental College from March 2008 to March 2013 were analyzed in order to evaluate the incidence of these cysts.Results:Case history of 52 males and 38 females were analyzed. The age of patients varied from 07 to 70 years, with a mean age of 26.4±13.89. In this 5-year study of odontogenic cysts, 48 were radicular cysts, 22 were odontogenic keratocysts and 20 were dentigerous cysts. Out of these 46 cysts were present in the maxilla and 44 in the mandible. In the maxilla 46.7%were present in the anterior maxilla and 4.4% in the posterior maxilla. In the mandible 35.6% were present in the posterior mandible and 13.3% in the anterior mandible.Conclusion:From the findings of this study we conclude that odontogenic cysts were mostly inflammatory in nature i.e. the radicular cysts and was followed by odontogenic keratocysts. Majority of the cysts were located in the anterior maxilla and posterior mandible regions. The male predilection was higher as compared to females.
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the roles and responsibilities of young medical practitioners and perceived competency in their profession. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, designed to measure the roles and responsibilities of young medical practitioners during house job (n=75) and Fellow of College of Physicians and Surgeons (FCPS)-II (n=75) training. For the evaluation, a comprehensive and well-designed questionnaire was used. A total of 150 medical Trainees including both genders of Hayatabad medical complex and Naseer teaching hospital, Peshawar participated. Medical trainees were from different departments of hospitals having age range of 24-30 years and completed 3 months of house job or doing FCPS II training were included in the study, the newly joined house-officers were excluded from the study. The data was analyzed using 21.0 SPSS version. Results: The results of this study showed that most of the medical Trainees i.e. 76% Training medical officers and 84% House officers were attained their roles respectively. 81.3% training medical officers and 96% house officers were dedicated to their duties (p-value <0.001). Most of the young medical trainees perceived themselves competent to take their professional roles and responsibilities (p-value<0.001). Conclusion: Medical trainees are committed to their profession and perform their duties and obligations. We need to provide facilities and more support to medical trainees to flourish in their field.
Introduction: Research has implicated an exaggerated or self-directed immune response as a factor in determining patient outcome in COVID-19. Initial reports identify lymphopenia as having a predictive role in COVID-19 related disease severity.Objective: To document the occurrence of lymphopenia in COVID-19 patients and explore its association with demographic factors and disease course.Materials & Methods: This cross sectional, observational study was conducted at Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar from May, 2020 to August, 2020. All patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 diagnosis were included. Relevant information including demographics, disease severity, laboratory findings & outcomes were noted in a predesigned Performa. The data were analyzed on SPSS 22 for descriptive and comparative statistics; p≤0.05 denoted significance.Results: A total of 216 patients were included, of whom 172 (79.6%) were males. The mean age was 54.61 ± 14.35 years. Classic lymphopenia was found in 67 (31.5%), 66 (31.0%) had borderline lymphopenia, and 80 (37.6%) had no lymphopenia. Of the classic lymphopenia group, 14 (20.9%) had mild disease, 21 (31.3%) had moderate disease, 18 (26.9%) had severe disease & 14 (20.9%) had critical disease. In patients with borderline lymphopenia 31 (47.0%) had mild disease, 17 (25.8%) moderate disease, 14 (21.2%) had severe disease and 04 (6.1%) had critical disease. In patients with no lymphopenia, 32 (40.0%) had mild, 32 (40.0%) had moderate, 14 (17.5%) had severe & 02 (2.5%) had critical disease. Mortality associated with classical lymphopenia was 37.3% (n=25) whereas 43.3% (n=29) patients recovered. Male gender, disease severity and outcome were statistically linked to lymphopenia; no statistical significance was observed with age.Conclusion: A statistically significant association of lymphopenia with severe/critical disease and adverse outcomes was noted.Keywords: Lymphopenia, COVID-19, Pandemic.
Objective: To determine the feedback of medical and dental undergraduate students towards interactive lectures in an integrated curriculum. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Kabir medical college and Sardar begum dental college, Peshawar. In this study, 400 undergraduate medical and dental students participated (200 MBBS & 200 BDS). The duration of this study was 2 months (October and November,2020). The sample size was selected through simple random sampling. 1st year and 3rd year students were excluded from the study. A questionnaire was designed, comprises of 20 questions and responses were recorded in 5-point Likert rating scale. Pre-testing of the questionnaire was done on 10% of the population. SPSS (version 22) were used for data analysis. Results: The results shown that medical and dental students understand integrated curriculum and they considered that it provides framework and modification in learning, as 66.5% of MBBS and 80.0% of BDS response was positive (p-value <0.05). Student’s perception about the integrated curriculum results showed that the Mean ± SD of MBBS students were 4.32 ± 0.69 where the BDS students were 4.48 ± 0.66 with -0.16 mean difference. 81.5% MBBS students and 86.0% BDS students also contemplate it as an effective mode of teaching which helps to achieve learning outcomes. Conclusion: Students have understanding about the interactive lectures and integrated curriculum, they provided positive feedback. It is helpful for students in their learning perspective which will also motivate them to excel in their profession.
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