Common beans are very significant for poor countries, because they provide high nutritional value, especially in terms of protein, calories, and trace nutrients, to people who cannot afford more expensive forms of nourishment. The current experiment was performed to investigate the influence of four different levels of organic fertilizer (compost) in the presence of mineral N fertilizer, i.e., T1: 25% M‑RDN +75% O‑RDN; T2: 50% M‑RDN +50% O‑RDN; T3: 75% M‑RDN +25% O‑RDN; and T4 (control): 100% M‑RDN (O-RDN, M‑RDN = recommended dose of N in organic and mineral forms, respectively; RDN: 60 kg N/fed.) and foliar spray with salicylic acid (SA) at 0, 50, 100, and 150 ppm, as well as of their interaction, on vegetative growth, productivity, and seed quality of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Nebraska. Obtained results showed that the tallest plants, the highest number of branches per plant, and the heaviest leaf fresh and dry weight per plant were scored using the combined treatment comprising T4 (100% M‑RDN) and SA at 150 ppm in the two seasons. T4-fertilized and 150 ppm SA-sprayed plants induced the highest values of leaf N, P, K, and total carbohydrates (%). The highest seed yield per plant and hectare as well as the highest average weight of 100 seeds were achieved by plants fertilized with T4 or T3 treatments (75% of M‑RDN +25% O‑RDN) and sprayed with 150 ppm SA in the two seasons. The combined treatment of T4 and SA at 150 ppm caused the statistically highest values of seed N%, P%, total protein (%), K%, and total carbohydrate (%). In addition, the lowest values of seed nitrate content were achieved by plants fertilized with the T1 treatment (25% M‑RDN +75% O‑RDN) and receiving 150 ppm SA foliar spray. In conclusion, for enhanced growth, productivity, and quality of common bean plants, it could be safe to fertilize with 75% M‑RDN +25% M‑RDN and spray these plants with SA at 150 ppm.
Tomato plants are highly sensitive to chilling stress so this experiment was conducted during successive winter seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 to investigate the possibility of sustaining production and quality of tomato yield under cold conditions by using different types of mesh cover for low tunnels. Two commercial cultivars, i.e., Super gold F1 and Super streen F1 were used. Seedlings were transplanted under different types of mesh cover for low tunnels. Three types of mesh cover (63%, 65%, 73%) had done to cover the plants of all tested seasons compared to open field condition (control "Without cover"). Results show that significant differences were observed among the two hybrid varieties of tomato studied, in terms of their vegetative growth characteristics (plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight and leaves area) as well as yield and fruit quality characteristics (Fruit set, total yield, firmness, T.S.S and Vit. C. ‘Super gold’ exhibited significantly higher values for these characteristics, compared to ‘Super strain B’. Chilling reduced the growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight) for control plants (without cover) compared to the coverage treatments (63%, 65%, 73%). Significant highest results in the growth, chemical composition of tomato leaves as well as yield and fruit quality parameters were obtained with covering tomato plants by white mesh cover 63% flowed by 65% of treatments which were best than the chilled plants. Concerning the interaction between hybrid varieties and covering treatments, it can be noticed that Cv. Super gold F1 which grown under white mesh cover 63% recorded a highly significant increases in plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, leaves area, N, P, K, total chlorophyll, total proline, total sugers contents, fruit set, total yield, firmness, T.S.S and Vit. C. when compared to Cv. Super streen B F1 which grown in open field (without coverage).
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