Animalism is a figurative representation of animal images in artistic works. This study examines the animal and human characters' function in Sewell's Black Beauty in portraying animal cruelty and its background effect. Data were collected from the novel Black Beauty and Anna Sewell's biographies and descriptively analyzed. After the analysis, some animal characters in Black Beauty function as the animal victim. The rest were portrayed as gay and mercy animals well-treated by its owner. On the other hand, some human characters functioned as offenders. The rest portrayed kind-hearted fellows fond of animals, stand against abusive acts, and advised others to desist from hurting animals. The result showed that five factors affected Sewell's life background, namely ankle illness, Phillip Sewell, Late Industrial Revolution, Victorian Era, and Crimean War.
The descriptive study focused on investigating CLT strategies employed by the English teacher in hospitality classrooms to improve the hospitality students' speaking abilities. This research conducted a mixed method design with the quantitative analysis applied in small proportion only to measure the mean score of pre-test and post-test students speaking improvements. The participants in this study involved one teacher and one class from twelfth-grade (XII) students of hospitality at SMK N 5 Barru that consisted of 20 students. Observation with field notes and interviews were used as instruments for data collection. This research utilized Richards's (2006) three practices of mechanical practice, meaningful practice, and communicative practice as the basis in investigating the CLT strategies used by the teacher. The data were analyzed in three major steps such as data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing proposed by Miles & Huberman (1994). The findings indicated that the English teacher mostly used meaningful and communicative practices rather than mechanical practices. In applying CLT strategies to improve the hospitality students speaking abilities, the teacher mostly provided active discussion activities and worked in pairs or groups with the encouragement of integrating some additional tools such as the online platforms and applications. Moreover, cumulative score analysis from pre-test and post-test verified that the level of speaking proficiency in hospitality students demonstrated a 57.5% improvement, leading to the enhancement in their speaking score, which was classified as moderate categorization. The findings of this study concluded that CLT strategies that applied by the teacher helped improve the students speaking abilities gradually, as these applications also serve the purpose of engaging and captivating students in language learning by encouraging them with opportunities to utilize technological advancements in developing their language skills.
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